Bioremediation of contaminated land with neotropical basidiomycetes fungi.
Contaminated soils are one of the major problems in agriculture. As time goes on, this problem keeps increasing due to increasing human social-economic activities. Hydrocarbon substances contained in motor oil, cooking oil, and synthetic detergents are some of the major causes of contamination. According to literature, spills of these substances cause enormous contamination problems that render thousands of hectares of land unusable for agricultural purposes. These substances modify the physical properties of the soil, affects the infiltration of water in the soil, reduce enzymatic activities, and depopulate microorganisms in the soil. In addition, these substances are largely made of long-chain hydrocarbon substances with a slow decomposition rate under normal environmental conditions. In order to find the solution to this problem, white-rot Neotropical fungi species from subkingdom Dikarya and phylum of Basidiomycota were collected from EARTH University, Limón, Costa Rica. These basidiomycetes fungi species have the enzymatic capacity that break down hydrocarbon compounds in motor oil, cooking oil and synthetic detergents, converting them into simple elements for their nutrition. In this research, six fungi genera were selected: Ganoderma (GA), Earliella (EA), Podoscypa (PO), Pycnoporus (PY), Pyrroglossum (PYR), and Tremella (TRE). One species of each genus were first evaluated for their preferred media, and later their bioremediation capacity. The conditions used in these experiments were uniform for all species. In order to evaluate the preferred media, Potato dextrose agar (PDA), Malt-extract agar (MA), Vegetable juice with Enterolobium cyclocarpum fibers (V8A), and Vegetable juice media with Zea Mays fibers (V8M) were used. In order to determine the bioremediation capacity, each fungi species of GA, EA, PY, and TRE were inoculated in a petri dish with their preferred medium previously mixed with contaminants. By varying the concentration, 50 µl and 100 µl of contaminants were applied. The results of the experiment showed G. lucidium as the Basidiomycetes fungus species with a high growth rate which is directly related to high bioremediation capacity to clean up the soils contaminated by motor oil, cooking oil and synthetic detergents.
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| Format: | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
Universidad EARTH
2019-12
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| Subjects: | POLUCION DEL SUELO, CONTAMINANTES, BIOREMEDIACION, HIDROCARBUROS, BASIDIOMYCETES, DESCONTAMINACION, https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.04, |
| Online Access: | https://repositorio.earth.ac.cr/handle/UEARTH/291 |
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| Summary: | Contaminated soils are one of the major problems in agriculture. As time goes on, this problem keeps increasing due to increasing human social-economic activities. Hydrocarbon substances contained in motor oil, cooking oil, and synthetic detergents are some of the major causes of contamination. According to literature, spills of these substances cause enormous contamination problems that render thousands of hectares of land unusable for agricultural purposes. These substances modify the physical properties of the soil, affects the infiltration of water in the soil, reduce enzymatic activities, and depopulate microorganisms in the soil. In addition, these substances are largely made of long-chain hydrocarbon substances with a slow decomposition rate under normal environmental conditions. In order to find the solution to this problem, white-rot Neotropical fungi species from subkingdom Dikarya and phylum of Basidiomycota were collected from EARTH University, Limón, Costa Rica. These basidiomycetes fungi species have the enzymatic capacity that break down hydrocarbon compounds in motor oil, cooking oil and synthetic detergents, converting them into simple elements for their nutrition. In this research, six fungi genera were selected: Ganoderma (GA), Earliella (EA), Podoscypa (PO), Pycnoporus (PY), Pyrroglossum (PYR), and Tremella (TRE). One species of each genus were first evaluated for their preferred media, and later their bioremediation capacity. The conditions used in these experiments were uniform for all species. In order to evaluate the preferred media, Potato dextrose agar (PDA), Malt-extract agar (MA), Vegetable juice with Enterolobium cyclocarpum fibers (V8A), and Vegetable juice media with Zea Mays fibers (V8M) were used. In order to determine the bioremediation capacity, each fungi species of GA, EA, PY, and TRE were inoculated in a petri dish with their preferred medium previously mixed with contaminants. By varying the concentration, 50 µl and 100 µl of contaminants were applied. The results of the experiment showed G. lucidium as the Basidiomycetes fungus species with a high growth rate which is directly related to high bioremediation capacity to clean up the soils contaminated by motor oil, cooking oil and synthetic detergents. |
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