The Education Resilience of Out-of-school Children in Bhutan : A Methodology and Pilot Study

Accessibility and quality of education is a much-debated issue today. In Bhutan this is especially a concern for the population scattered across the extreme mountainous terrain of the country. Difficult access and spatial isolation leads to an unequal distribution of the quality services in Bhutan. It is also an issue for children in urban communities despite the easy access to schools. Poverty and disability hold children back from enrolling in and completing school. Hence, the education resilience in these vulnerable communities can differ accordingly even despite the fact that the government provides free basic education in Bhutan. We define resilience as the ability of students, education institutions, and communities to achieve positive education outcomes in spite of adversities, such as the marginalization, isolation and poverty that exist in pockets in Bhutan. This report presents the results of our pilot study. We consulted with education policy makers and implementers at the national level, and communities, parents and children themselves at the local level, to conduct an in-depth analysis of the risks and the assets (strengths, opportunities and resources), that exist in schools, homes and in communities. Accordingly, recommendations are also made in this report with a view towards filling the gaps and enhancing the relevance of education policies and programs based on the evidence collected from the field during the study.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Publications & Research biblioteca
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ABILITY OF STUDENTS, ACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATION, ACCESS TO SCHOOLS, ACCESSIBILITY, AID, ATTENDANCE RATES, BENEFITS OF EDUCATION, BOARDING, BOARDING FACILITIES, CHILD CARE, CHILD PROTECTION, CHILDCARE, CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES, CIVIC ENGAGEMENT, CIVIL SOCIETY, CLASSROOM, CLASSROOMS, COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN SCHOOLS, COMPLETION RATES, COMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATION, COMPULSORY PRIMARY EDUCATION, CORPORAL PUNISHMENT, CREATIVE THINKING, CURRICULA, CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES, CURRICULUM, DISABILITY, DISABLED CHILDREN, DISTRICT EDUCATION, DROPOUT RATES, EARLY CHILD CARE, EARLY CHILDHOOD, EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE, EDUCATION FOR ALL, EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, EDUCATION OF CHILDREN, EDUCATION OFFICIALS, EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES, EDUCATION OUTCOMES, EDUCATION POLICIES, EDUCATION POLICY, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, EDUCATION SERVICES, EDUCATION STATISTICS, EDUCATION STRATEGY, EDUCATION SYSTEM, EDUCATION SYSTEMS, EDUCATIONAL REFORM, ENROLLMENT, EQUITABLE ACCESS, ETHICS, ETHNIC MINORITIES, FREE BASIC EDUCATION, FREE EDUCATION, GIRLS, INCLUSION, INCLUSIVE EDUCATION, INTELLECTUALS, INTERVENTIONS, JOB MARKET, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, LEARNING, LEARNING ENVIRONMENT, LIFE SKILLS, LITERACY, LITERATURE, MENTORING PROGRAM, MIGRANT POPULATIONS, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, MULTIGRADE TEACHING, NATIONAL EDUCATION, NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY, NEEDS ASSESSMENT, NET ENROLLMENT, NOMADIC COMMUNITIES, NORMAL SCHOOLS, NUTRITION, OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN, PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT, PHYSICALLY DISABLED, POOR PEOPLE, PRIMARY CLASSROOMS, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY EDUCATION PROGRAM, PRIMARY ENROLLMENT, PRIMARY ENROLLMENT RATE, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION, PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION RATES, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PRIMARY-SCHOOL, PRIMARY-SCHOOL-AGE, PRIMARY-SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN, PRIVATE SCHOOLING, QUALITY EDUCATION, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, RESEARCH TRAINING, RESEARCHERS, RETENTION RATES, RURAL AREAS, RURAL CHILDREN, RURAL EDUCATION, SANITATION, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL BUILDINGS, SCHOOL DATA, SCHOOL DISCIPLINE, SCHOOL DROPOUT, SCHOOL ENROLLMENT, SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE, SCHOOL LEVEL, SCHOOL MENTORING, SCHOOL POPULATION, SCHOOL PROGRAM, SCHOOL PROGRAMS, SCHOOL SERVICES, SCHOOL SUPPLIES, SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN, SCHOOLING, SCHOOLS, SKILLS DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL COHESION, SPECIAL EDUCATION, SPECIAL EDUCATION NEEDS, SPECIAL LEARNING, SPECIAL LEARNING NEEDS, STUDENT SUPPORT, TEACHER, TEACHER SHORTAGE, TEACHERS, TEACHING, TEACHING METHODOLOGIES, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, TEXTBOOKS, TRAINING OF TEACHERS, TRANSPORTATION, VIOLENCE, VULNERABLE CHILDREN, YOUTH,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/01/23992409/education-resilience-out-of-school-children-bhutan-methodology-pilot-study http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21539
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