Exploracion de los recursos genéticos del arroz a través del mejoramiento problacional
With the crop rice (Oryza sativa L.), breeders probably have the widest range of choices for exploiting the genetic resources available in the genus. They have access not only to the crop's genetic resources as found in different ecosystems, but also to the knowledge base of its classification among genetic groups. Hence, breeders can also use the African Oryza glaberrima Steud. and various wild species. Such broad inter- and intra-species variability is used in conventional breeding methods for self-pollinating crops, with the additional possibilities of producing hybrids and improving broad genetic base populations. This chapter presents a general view of how Latin American breeders seek to exploit rice genetic resources to develop varieties, emphasizing population improvement. The search for genes for resistance to diseases and pests, a new ideal plant type and hybrids is discussed as a strategy to increase grain yield and use genetic resources more effectively. We briefly describe the achievements of various countries using population improvement, already presented in detail in several chapters of this volume. We highlight the commercial release in Brazil of cultivar SCSBRS 113 - Tio Taka, the first irrigated rice variety to be obtained from a line derived from a broad genetic base population improved through recurrent selection. We conclude by recommending modifications to the evaluation methodology for population improvement, particularly for the trait grain yield.
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | book_section biblioteca |
| Language: | spa |
| Published: |
CIAT
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| Subjects: | F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Oryza sativa, population composite, sélection récurrente, amélioration des plantes, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27492, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27595, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4221, |
| Online Access: | http://agritrop.cirad.fr/519429/ |
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| Summary: | With the crop rice (Oryza sativa L.), breeders probably have the widest range of choices for exploiting the genetic resources available in the genus. They have access not only to the crop's genetic resources as found in different ecosystems, but also to the knowledge base of its classification among genetic groups. Hence, breeders can also use the African Oryza glaberrima Steud. and various wild species. Such broad inter- and intra-species variability is used in conventional breeding methods for self-pollinating crops, with the additional possibilities of producing hybrids and improving broad genetic base populations. This chapter presents a general view of how Latin American breeders seek to exploit rice genetic resources to develop varieties, emphasizing population improvement. The search for genes for resistance to diseases and pests, a new ideal plant type and hybrids is discussed as a strategy to increase grain yield and use genetic resources more effectively. We briefly describe the achievements of various countries using population improvement, already presented in detail in several chapters of this volume. We highlight the commercial release in Brazil of cultivar SCSBRS 113 - Tio Taka, the first irrigated rice variety to be obtained from a line derived from a broad genetic base population improved through recurrent selection. We conclude by recommending modifications to the evaluation methodology for population improvement, particularly for the trait grain yield. |
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