Tissue culture of tropicals fruits
Conventional plant breeding approaches have been impractical for improving tropical fruit and plantation trees that have long (7-20 years) juvenile periods. The application of alternative somatic cell genetic approaches to crop improvement is dependent on teh demonstration of efficient regeneration of plants form cell cultures. Unfortunately, the regeneration of plants from cell or tissue cultures that have been derived from explants from mature, woody tree selections has been difficult to demonstrate. The ovules of many tropical fruit tree species can either be crassinucellate and/or polyembryonic, i.e., the nucellus possesses the potential for producing adventitious embryos in vivo. Regeneration pathways based upon somatic embryogeneses from nucellar explants have been defined for a number of tropical woody fruit species, e.g., Citrus spp., Mangifera indica, Syzyquim spp., Myrciaria cauliflora and Eriobotrya japonica, which represent several plant families: Rutaceae, Anacardiaceae, Myrtaceae and Rosaceae. Among herbaceous, arborescent tropical fruit trees, e.g., Carica spp. somatic embryogenesis has been described from several different tissues. Embryogenic calli are generally produced on Murashige and Skoog medium that has been modified by the use of half-strength major salts, 60 g/liter sucrose and 1-2 mg/1 2,4-D, although somatic embryogenesis directly from the nucellus has occasionally been observed in the absence of 2,4-D. These in vitro systems can be used in tree fruit improvement schemes for mutant cell selection and for the recovery of somaclonal variants
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
San José (Costa Rica)
1985
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| Subjects: | FRUTAS TROPICALES, CULTIVO DE TEJIDOS, CITRUS, MANGIFERA INDICA, EUGENIA, MYRCIARIA CAULIFLORA, ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA, CARICA, FITOMEJORAMIENTO, |
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| Summary: | Conventional plant breeding approaches have been impractical for improving tropical fruit and plantation trees that have long (7-20 years) juvenile periods. The application of alternative somatic cell genetic approaches to crop improvement is dependent on teh demonstration of efficient regeneration of plants form cell cultures. Unfortunately, the regeneration of plants from cell or tissue cultures that have been derived from explants from mature, woody tree selections has been difficult to demonstrate. The ovules of many tropical fruit tree species can either be crassinucellate and/or polyembryonic, i.e., the nucellus possesses the potential for producing adventitious embryos in vivo. Regeneration pathways based upon somatic embryogeneses from nucellar explants have been defined for a number of tropical woody fruit species, e.g., Citrus spp., Mangifera indica, Syzyquim spp., Myrciaria cauliflora and Eriobotrya japonica, which represent several plant families: Rutaceae, Anacardiaceae, Myrtaceae and Rosaceae. Among herbaceous, arborescent tropical fruit trees, e.g., Carica spp. somatic embryogenesis has been described from several different tissues. Embryogenic calli are generally produced on Murashige and Skoog medium that has been modified by the use of half-strength major salts, 60 g/liter sucrose and 1-2 mg/1 2,4-D, although somatic embryogenesis directly from the nucellus has occasionally been observed in the absence of 2,4-D. These in vitro systems can be used in tree fruit improvement schemes for mutant cell selection and for the recovery of somaclonal variants |
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