RAINFALL IMPACT ON THE GRAIN CORN YIELD IN AZUERO REGION, PANAMA, 1995-2003. I. RAIN DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PLANTING DATE.
With the objective to assess the rainfall impact in the corn yield, was carried out a data analysis of the eight pluviometers localized in the corn region of Azuero, in the period since 1995 to 2003. It was analyzed the rain distribution and intensity before and after the planting corn season in the zone (august-december). The results showed significant variation in the rainfall distribution among years. lt was observed the years 1995, 1997, 2000 and 2002 were characterized by water stress 15% above the mean, during the crop development period; in the meantime 1999 presented 63% increment. The 1996, 1998 and 2001 variation was lesser than 15% of the period average. A risk analysis was carried out for the sowing would be planting since August 1 to October 10 (71 days). For this analysis it was considered the rainfall accumulated among 51 and 100 days after planting (dap), this dates corresponding V16 to R6 stages. According to literature, the water stress in this phase can cause 75% losses of the corn yield potential. The outcomes indicate that 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001 and 2002 showed risks of water stress above 40% for any planting date. When the planting dates were classified by stages, it was founded a risk increment in the sowing planted after October 1. The number of dates with rainfall records presented the same trend, with averages of 19.2 days (1- aug 15) to 6.4 rain days (1 - oct 10). The nine years average analysis indicate that the sowing carried out after September 15 accumulated less than 225 mm in the phase 51-100 dap. This information suggest do not planting corn after this date, because the risk of suffer water stress is so high in the flowering and grain filling stages.
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Digital revista |
| Language: | spa |
| Published: |
Instituto de Innovación Agropecuaria de Panamá
2004
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| Online Access: | http://www.revistacienciaagropecuaria.ac.pa/index.php/ciencia-agropecuaria/article/view/217 |
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