Does nitrogen fertilization rate, timing and splitting affect sunflower yield and grain quality?
Nitrogen (N) deficiency could have a negative effect on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) yield and grain quality. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the optimum rate, timing, and frequency of N fertilization to improve sunflower crop nutrition. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of N fertilization rate, timing, and splitting on grain yield, and grain and oil quality. Twelve field experiments were carried out between 2016-2020. Treatments consisted of at least three N rates ranging from 0 to 200 kg N ha-1 applied at V2. Also, the 80 kg N ha-1 rate was applied at V14 (80NV14) or split between V2 and V14 (80Nsplit). Treatments were evaluated in two sunflower genotypes, high oleic (HO) and conventional (CONV). A significant grain yield response to N fertilization was observed in six out of twelve experiments, generally at rates greater than 80 kg ha-1. The mean response to fertilization was 369 kg ha-1. Fertilization increased grain protein concentration (PG) (+1.5%) at experiments E1-E3 and E9-E12 and decreased oil concentration (OG) (-2%) at experiments E1, E4, E9, E11 and E12. The maximum N rate, increased oleic and stearic acid concentration (+3-4%), depending on the genotype (AO and CONV). Neither fertilizer timing nor splitting affected grain yield or OG. Late N fertilization (V14) increased oleic acid (+2.4%) while it decreased linoleic acid (+2.2%). Based on our results, N fertilization can increase yield without negatively affecting commercial grain quality (OG and fatty acids concentration), regardless of fertilization timing and frequency.
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
Wiley
2023-03-03T14:55:48Z
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| Subjects: | Aplicación de Abonos, Girasol, Rendimiento, Calidad, Granos, Fertilizer Application, Sunflowers, Yields, Quality, Grain, |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/14142 https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/csc2.20932 https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20932 |
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