Supporting Export Competitiveness through Port and Rail Network Reforms : A Case Study of South Africa

Transport and logistics infrastructure is a critical determinant of the competitiveness of a country's producers and exporters. Well-functioning transport and logistics infrastructure relies not just on hardware, but critically on the operating environment that emerges from the interaction between private sector operators; national policies and regulatory regimes; and, in many countries, state-owned owners and operators of core infrastructure. This paper looks at the case of South Africa, where constraints in access, pricing, reliability, and network interfaces, particularly in the port and rail network, are eroding the competitiveness of South African exporters. The paper draws on interviews with a wide range of exporters along with secondary research to examine South Africa's port and rail network, and explores the underlying factors contributing to these constraints, including chronic underinvestment, an inadequate regulatory environment, insufficient private sector participation, and weak regional integration. The paper concludes with a review of the reforms needed to deliver a more broadly accessible and competitive rail and port sector based on international case examples. It highlights the need for institutional reforms to promote competitive pricing; private sector participation to increase investment and improve service delivery; information and coordination to address market failures and improve access; and cooperation to improve intermodal, interregional, and institutional interfaces.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Pieterse, Duncan, Farole, Thomas, Odendaal, Martin, Steenkamp, Andre
Format:	Working Paper biblioteca
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2016-01
Subjects:	RAIL DIVISION, TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, TRANSPORT SECTOR, ROAD USER CHARGING, TRANSPORTATION LAW, RAIL NETWORK, PASSENGERS, CROSSINGS, DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES, RAIL PROJECT, TRANSPORT CORRIDORS, TRANSPORTATION COSTS, ROAD ACCIDENTS, ROAD BUILDING, ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS, REGIONAL RAIL SERVICES, TRANSPORT MODE, TREND, RAIL SYSTEMS, STRICTER ENFORCEMENT, RAIL SERVICE, JOURNEY, TRANSPORTATION REFORMS, RAILWAY ASSOCIATION, TOLL, ROAD COSTS, IMPACT OF TRANSPORT COSTS, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROAD MAINTENANCE, ROAD PRICING REFORMS, TYPE OF TRANSPORT, AIR, INFRASTRUCTURE CHARGING, BORDER TRAFFIC, TRANSPORT SERVICES, ARTERIES, TRANSPORT MODES, RAIL JOURNEY, REGIONAL TRANSPORT, RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE, RAIL TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT OPERATORS, FREIGHT TRAFFIC, IMPACT OF TRANSPORT, RAIL LINKS, VEHICLE MILES, FREIGHT FLOWS, RAIL CORRIDORS, PORT AUTHORITY, TRANSPORT PLANNING, FIXED COSTS, RAIL TRACK, JOURNEYS, EXTERNALITIES, RAILWAY LINE, INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT, TRIPS, GOODS VEHICLES, RAIL COSTS, BORDER INSPECTIONS, ROAD‐CONGESTION, RAIL ACCESS, RAIL TRAFFIC, RAIL MODE, LOCOMOTIVE, FUEL TAXES, EFFICIENCY OF INFRASTRUCTURE, SUBSIDIES, GRANTS, INFRASTRUCTURE, AIR FREIGHT, TRANSPORT NETWORK, CONGESTION, TRANSPORTATION, INSPECTION, POLICIES, DOMESTIC TRANSPORT, PRIVATE RAIL OPERATORS, TRANSPARENCY, TRUCKS, ROAD USE, RAIL POLICY, HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES, BORDER‐CROSSING, TRANSPORT COSTS, PSP, TRAINS, RAIL FREIGHT NETWORK, URBAN SYSTEMS, EMISSIONS STANDARDS, FINANCIAL BURDEN, FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE, ROAD TRANSPORT SERVICES, RAIL SECTOR, ROLLING STOCK, RAILWAY, RAILWAY COMPANIES, AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR, BLOCK TRAINS, ROAD USER, ROADS, PORT FACILITIES, INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADING, CROSSING, FLEETS, MARITIME TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT AUTHORITIES, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, RAIL CAPACITY, ROAD DAMAGE, PRIVATE RAILWAYS, TRAFFIC LAWS, HIGH TRANSPORT, FREIGHT SECTOR, RAIL, FUEL, RAILWAY OPERATORS, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, DIESEL, ROAD TRANSPORT, FREIGHT TRAINS, FREIGHT, TRANSPORT OPERATIONS, ROAD TRAFFIC, TRANSPORT AGENCIES, FREIGHT SERVICES, BORDER‐CROSSINGS, PROFIT MARGINS, RAIL OPERATIONS, AIRPORT, INTERNATIONAL RAIL, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, VEHICLES, RAIL LINES, FREIGHT TRANSPORT, INTEGRATED TRANSPORT PLANNING, TRUCK TRANSPORT, FREIGHT SERVICE, EMISSIONS, ROAD PRICING, ROAD SERVICES, CARRIERS, SUBSIDY, RAIL‐PROJECT, TRAFFIC, ROUTES, RAIL INDUSTRY, HEAVY VEHICLE, DRIVERS, SPEEDS, VEHICLE, FREIGHT MOVEMENT, ROAD, TOLLS, COSTS, PORT AUTHORITIES, RAILWAY SECTOR, ROAD NETWORK, TRANSPORT, RAILWAY SYSTEM, TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES, MODE OF TRANSPORT, RAILWAY NETWORK, RAIL OPERATORS, ROAD USERS, MODES OF TRANSPORT, TRUE, CROSS SUBSIDIES, RAIL OPERATOR, RAIL‐ PROJECT, EFFICIENT TRANSPORT, TRAVEL TIMES, FUEL CONSUMPTION, ROUTE, TRANSPORT POLICY, FREIGHT COSTS, TAXES, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, ROAD HAULAGE, PASSENGER TRAINS, RAIL FREIGHT, RAIL SERVICES, TRAVEL, TRANSIT, BORDER CROSSING, FREIGHT TERMINALS, INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS, POLICE, CONGESTION COSTS, RAIL CUSTOMERS, RAIL SYSTEM, PORT SERVICES, RAIL ROUTE, MOTORWAYS, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, PORT INFRASTRUCTURE, BRIDGE, TRAFFIC VOLUMES, FREIGHT RAIL, RAILWAYS, RAIL COMPANIES, INLAND TRANSPORT, VEHICLE KILOMETERS, ACCIDENTS, CROSS‐SUBSIDIES, PASSENGER RAIL, TRANSPORT OFFICIALS, INVESTMENTS, FREIGHT MARKET, RAIL CORRIDOR, TRANSPORTATION ECONOMICS, PORT ACCESS, URBAN ROADS, SAFETY, SURFACE FREIGHT, PASSENGER TRANSPORT, FINANCIAL INCENTIVES, BOTTLENECKS,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/01/25762653/supporting-export-competitiveness-through-port-rail-network-reforms-case-study-south-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23632
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