On the Unequal Inequality of Poor Communities
Important differences exist between
communities with respect to their needs, capacities, and
circumstances. As central governments are not able to
discern these differences fully, they seek to achieve their
policy objectives by relying on decentralized mechanisms
that use local information. However, household and
individual characteristics within communities can also vary
substantially. A growing theoretical literature suggests
that inequality within communities can influence policy
outcomes, and that this influence could be harmful or
helpful, depending on the circumstances. Empirical
investigations into the impact of inequality have, to date,
largely been held back by a lack of systematic evidence on
community-level inequality. The authors use household survey
and population census data to estimate per capita
consumption inequality within communities in three
developing countries: Ecuador, Madagascar, and Mozambique.
Communities are found to vary markedly from one another in
terms of the degree of inequality they exhibit. The authors
also show that there should be no presumption that
inequality is less severe in poor communities. They argue
that the kind of community-level inequality estimates
generated in this paper can be used in designing and
evaluating decentralized antipoverty programs.
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Bibliographic Details
| Main Authors: |
Elbers, Chris,
Lanjouw, Peter F.,
Mistiaen, Johan,
Özler, Berk,
Simler, Ken |
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper
biblioteca
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| Language: | English
en_US |
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| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
2004-02
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| Subjects: | ANTI- POVERTY PROGRAMS,
BETWEEN- GROUP INEQUALITY,
COLLECTIVE ACTION,
CRIME,
DATA SETS,
DECOMPOSABLE INCOME INEQUALITY MEASURES,
DECOMPOSITION RESULTS,
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES,
DEVELOPING WORLD,
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS,
DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES,
DISTRIBUTIONAL DATA,
DOWNWARD BIAS,
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT,
ECONOMIC REVIEW,
ECONOMIC STUDIES,
EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS,
EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE,
EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATIONS,
EMPIRICAL LITERATURE,
EMPIRICAL MODEL,
EXPLANATORY POWER,
EXPLANATORY VARIABLES,
FUNCTIONAL FORM,
GINI COEFFICIENT,
GROUP INEQUALITY,
HETEROGENEOUS COMMUNITIES,
HETEROSKEDASTICITY,
HIGH INEQUALITY,
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION,
HOUSEHOLD INCOME,
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS,
IMPACT OF INEQUALITY,
INCOME,
INCOME DISTRIBUTION,
INCOME INEQUALITY,
INCREASED INEQUALITY,
INEQUALITY,
INEQUALITY DECOMPOSITION,
INEQUALITY ESTIMATES,
INEQUALITY LEVELS,
INEQUALITY MEASURE,
INEQUALITY MEASUREMENT,
INEQUALITY MEASURES,
LOCAL COMMUNITIES,
LOCAL LEVELS,
LOCAL POVERTY,
MEAN CONSUMPTION,
MEAN INCOMES,
MEAN LOG DEVIATION,
NATIONAL LEVEL,
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION,
POLICY IMPLICATIONS,
POLICY OUTCOMES,
POLICY RESEARCH,
POOR,
POPULATION SHARE,
POVERTY LEVELS,
POVERTY MEASURE,
POVERTY REDUCTION,
PUBLIC ECONOMICS,
PUBLIC GOODS,
PUBLIC WORKS,
REGRESSION ANALYSIS,
SOCIAL FUNDS,
TARGETED TRANSFERS,
TARGETING,
TRANSFER PROGRAMS,
WELFARE INDICATORS COMMUNITIES,
HEADCOUNT INDEX,
POVERTY PROGRAMS,
RURAL COMMUNITIES,
SELECTION BIAS,
URBAN AREAS,
WELFARE INDICATORS, |
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/05/4976897/unequal-inequality-poor-communities-unequal-inequality-poor-communities
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14016
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