Biological control of Monilinia laxa and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by a lytic enzyme-producing Penicillium purpurogenum
Biological control experiments were conducted with the lytic enzyme- producing fungus Fenicillium purpurogehum against the plant pathogens Monilinia laxa and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Applications of P. purpurogenum to peach shoots previously inoculated with M. laxa reduced lesion length and extent of pathogen colonization of shoots by 90 and 80% (P ≤ 0.05), respectively, comparable to the level of disease control obtained with the fungicide captan. Disease severity in tomato plants inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was decreased by 30% (P ≤ 0.05) with the biological treatment. The fungus P. purpurogenum produced β-1,3- glucanase and chitinase activities in liquid culture that were inducible by cell walls and live mycelium of M. laxa but not of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Crude filtrates or crude enzyme preparations of P. purpurogenum cultures with lytic enzyme activities produced lysis of hyphae and spores of M. laxa and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. These lytic effects were strong in M. laxa and ended in complete dissolution of mycelium. The induction of lytic enzymes by M. laxa and the effects of lytic enzymes on mycelia of the pathogens in relation to the different degrees of biological control obtained are discussed.
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | artículo biblioteca |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
1996
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12792/2327 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/292638 |
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