The use of a newly-designed purse seine for exploitation of the sparse aggregations of the Black Sea–Caspian sprat (tyulka) in the Azov Sea
This paper considers the issues of the Black Sea–Caspian sprat (tyulka) fishing in the Azov Sea, which stem from various factors preventing formation of its dense aggregations at present and, as a consequence, inhibiting its exploitation with purse seines. Purse seines traditionally used for the Black Sea–Caspian sprat fishing have been designed as multipurpose, which includes anchovy fishing in deep waters of the Black Sea, so they have considerable disadvantages for their application in the relatively shallow Azov Sea. When fishing operations are conducted on sparse aggregations of the Black Sea–Caspian sprat at shallow depths, the most crucial role is played by the seine length ensuring a large catch area. The current design of a purse seine does not allow for a considerable increase of the seine length because, in such seines, their length is directly dependent on their height. Implementation of midwater trawls for the Black Sea–Caspian sprat fishing occurring since 2013 has not improved the situation—all vessels engaged in it switched over to using trawls, but the catch values still tend to decrease. Meanwhile, the issue of reducing the by-catch of non-target species, mainly sturgeons which abundance in the Azov Sea remains on a long-term decline, in the midwater trawls becomes more and more pressing. Coastal fishing of the Black Sea–Caspian sprat with pound nets also shows the decrease in catch volumes. Increasing the efficiency of the Black Sea–Caspian sprat fishing off the board of fishing vessels should involve the implementation of selective and environmentally sound purse-type fishing gear for exploitation of its sparse aggregations in the Azov Sea that could be operated using current technical equipment on the vessels of the small-sized fishing seiner type with 165 kW capacity (Black Sea Medium Seiner 225). A new design of a fishing gear combining the elements of purse and beach seines has been developed. This fishing gear is comprised of a long, low-height and light-weight tow wing that, during hauling, should drive the fish to a shore wing where pursing of the seine occurs. The proposed purse seine design featuring a lengthened wing with the length of 1500 m along its headrope will allow for the 9-time increase in catch area with the same netting consumption as in a standard purse seine. Setting and hauling of such a seine can be conducted using the technical equipment already installed on the vessel.
| Principais autores: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Contribution biblioteca |
| Idioma: | Russian |
| Publicado em: |
2023
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| Assuntos: | Fishing gear, Black Sea–Caspian sprat, Lengthened tow wing, Operation, Экспериментальный кошельковый невод, Удлиненное бежное крыло, Эксплуатация, Судовой промысел, Промысловые механизмы, Неводы, Organism aggregations, Fishing vessels, Bycatch, Trawls, Total allowable catch, ASFA_2015::C::Commercial fisheries, ASFA_2015::P::Prototypes, ASFA_2015::P::Purse seines, ASFA_2015::F::Fishing equipment, |
| Acesso em linha: | http://hdl.handle.net/1834/42912 |
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