The genomic basis for short-term evolution of environmental adaptation in maize.

ABSTRACT Understanding the evolutionary capacity of populations to adapt to novel environments is one of the major pursuits in genetics. Moreover, for plant breeding, maladaptation is the foremost barrier to capitalizing on intraspecific variation in order to develop new breeds for future climate scenarios in agriculture. Using a unique study design, we simultaneously dissected the population and quantitative genomic basis of short-term evolution in a tropical landrace of maize that was translocated to a temperate environment and phenotypically selected for adaptation in flowering time phenology. Underlying 10 generations of directional selection, which resulted in a 26-day mean decrease in female-flowering time, 60% of the heritable variation mapped to 14% of the genome, where, overall, alleles shifted in frequency beyond the boundaries of genetic drift in the expected direction given their flowering time effects. However, clustering these non-neutral alleles based on their profiles of frequency change revealed transient shifts underpinning a transition in genotype-phenotype relationships across generations. This was distinguished by initial reductions in the frequencies of few relatively large positive effect alleles and subsequent enrichment of many rare negative effect alleles, some of which appear to represent allelic series. With these genomic shifts, the population reached an adapted state while retaining 99% of the standing molecular marker variation in the founding population. Robust selection and association mapping tests highlighted several key genes driving the phenotypic response to selection. Our results reveal the evolutionary dynamics of a finite polygenic architecture conditioning a capacity for rapid environmental adaptation in maize.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	WISSER, R. J., FANG, Z., HOLLAND, J. B., YASSITEPE, J. E. de C. T., DOUGHERTY, J., WELDEKIDAN, T., DE LEON, N., FLINT-GARCIA, S., LAUTER, N., MURRAY, S. C., XU, W., HALLAUER, A.
Other Authors:	RANDALL J. WISSER, University of Delaware; ZHOU FANG, North Carolina State University; JAMES B. HOLLAND, North Carolina State University, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; JULIANA ERIKA DE C T YASSITEPE, CNPTIA, University of Delaware; JOHN DOUGHERTY, University of Delaware; TECLEMARIAM WELDEKIDAN, University of Delaware; NATALIA DE LEON, University of Wisconsin; SHERRY FLINT-GARCIA, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, University of Missouri; NICK LAUTER, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Rese-arch Service, Iowa State University; SETH C. MURRAY, Texas A&M University; WENWEI XU, Texas A&M AgriLife Research; ARNEL HALLAUER, Iowa State University.
Format:	Artigo de periódico biblioteca
Language:	English eng
Published:	2020-02-04
Subjects:	Mudanças climáticas, Diversidade gênica, Flowering time, Genetic diversity, Agricultura, Agriculture, Plant breeding, Recurrent selection, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Climate change,
Online Access:	http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1119838 https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.119.302780
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