Current status of oil planting material in the world and future challenges.
Indonesia and Malaysia are the largest consumers of oil palm planting materials in the world. About 500,000 ha planted in Indonesia and 100,000 ha in Malaysia. They need about 120 million seeds per year. These are largely DxP hybrid seeds as the production of clonal seeds and tissue culture plantlets are limited. In the next 10-15 years, DxP hybrid seeds will continue to play a major role as oil palm planting materials. The new generation of oil palm DxP hybrid seeds is mainly derived from Dami, Chemara, MARDI, Socfindo, Socfin, Dabou, Banting Deli duras and the sources of pisiferas are Nifor (Calabar), Ekona, Yangambi, La Me and AVROS. The genetic base of current breeding materials is limited. The exchange of germplasm between seed producers is vital to improve the productivity of next generation of oil palm planting materials. Felda has developed new type of DxP hybrids using 3-way crosses (Deli- Nigerian) x Yangambi). This material is short, compact and high yielding (7.70-8.5t oil/ha). The ASD based breeding materials have performed well at Asian Agri, Sampoerna Agro and Tania Selatan. In alluvial soil at Topaz Indonesia, Deli x Nigerian Pisifera and Deli x Ghana had yield potential of > 9t oil/ha. CIRAD and its partners are the largest seed producers in the world. Current CIRAD DxP has the oil yield potential of 7-8t/ha. Their third generation DxP planting materials have the capacity to produce close to 8t oil per ha. United Plantation Berhad is the pioneer in marketing the first bi-clonal seeds in the world. UP Bhd is able to produce more than 1 million biclonal seeds. The oil yield of bi- clonal seeds is expected to increase by 15% compared to DxP hybrid seeds. Applied Agriculture Resources (AAR) has the most advanced oil palm tissue culture laboratory that is capable to produce nearly one million tissue culture plantlets using both solid and liquid suspension culture method. The mean performance of AAR clones is 7.5t oil per ha compared to 6.5t oil for AAR DXP hybrids. The challenges such as manpower needs, supply and demand for seeds, quality control and genetic base of breeding materials are highlighted in this paper.
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | ng |
| Published: |
Kuala Lumpur : MPOB,
2007
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| Subjects: | Material de siembra, Palma de aceite, |
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