Performance of the Elaeis oleífera x Elaeis guineensis (OG) hybrids and their backcrosses.
This paper discusses the yield of various OG hybrid combination viz. E.oleifera (E.o) x E.guineensis (E.g)(pisifera, dura and tenera) and also the comparative performance of the same hybrid progenies planted in three different environments i.e. the Selangor series-soil with moderate rainfall (Site 1), the Selangor Briah-series soil with high rainfall (Site 2) and the Serdang-Munchong hill soil with high rainfall (Site 3). OGp (E.o. x E.g. pisifera) hybrids tend to produce bunches with smaller fruits and in certain cases, a high proportion of bunches rot before maturity. From the limited number of progenies tested, results suggested that (iodine value) I.V. of oil is lower when E.g. is used as the mother. In general, E.g. x E.o. hybrid oils have I.V. of around 60 against 65 in E.o. x E.g. hybrid oils. OGp hybrids yielded best in Site 2. At 234 kg/palm/year, it outyielded the same progenies planted in Site 1 and Site 3 by 18percent and 40percent respectively. Fruit set on the other hand is influenced by availability of pollen from surrounding E.g. palms because pollen production within the OG blocks is low. This is due to the high sex ratio especially during the early years, low pollen viability (35percent in OG hybrids against 80percent in E.g.) and limited quantity of pollen produced (2.5 grams of dried pollen per inflorescence against 45 grams/inflorescence from tenera palms of similar age). As a result, O/B ratio of bunches from Sites 1, 2 and 3 were 17percent, 12percent and 10percent respectively but I.V. was not affected. Interestingly, height increment was similar in all 3 sites. Carotene and Toeopherol levels in the hybrid oil are also presented. The previous report of tolerance of the OG hybrids to Ganoderma cannot be ascertained from the records available, although variation in susceptibility between progenies can be large. Progenies of the backcross to the E. oleiferayielded poorly, while those backcrossed to E. guineensis could yield well although the coefficient of variation of the progeny was high. Yield of the F2 in one trial was the same as the D x P control.
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | ng |
| Published: |
Kuala Lumpur : PORIM,
1990
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| Subjects: | Características agronómicas., Elaeis guineensis., Elaeis oleifera., Híbrido, índice de yodo, Retrocruzamiento., Palma de aceite, |
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