Genética de Coffea, 24: Mutantes de Coffea arabica procedentes da Etiópia
Very little is known about the genetic variability of the species Coffea arabica in its native home - the South-West of Ethiopia. Only more recently an increased interest is being noted with regard to the native coffee of this region and seed samples of wild, cultivated and subspontaneous coffee types have lately been gathered by various agricultural experts. Several small seedling populations from Ethiopia were received in Campinas in 1952 and 1953. Studies on genetic constitution of some of them is now being carried out. It was noted that the "Eritrean moca" coffee (PI 205 413, USDA) is identical to the semperflorens mutant, being homozygous for the alleles sfsf. The results of the artificial pollination with the murta variety (ttNana) revealed that from 33 analysed coffee plants from Ethiopia, 23 carry the alleles tt, probably in the homozygous condition. The alleles tt characterize the variety bourbon, and its presence in Ethiopia indicates that this region and not the Reunion Island, as formerly thought, is the place of origin of this important commercial variety. The typica variety (TTNaNa) also occurs in Ethiopia. Plants of the abyssinica variety were frequently found in some of the seedling populations. Althought the alleles responsible for its main characters are not yet known, it was noted that abyssinica plants carry the alleles TT. Other populations, segregating for abyssinica characteristics bear the alleles tt. The coffee type Ennarea or Ennaria does not seem to belong to this variety. The genetic analysis of the color of the young leaves revealed that the allele br is frequently found in the imported plants. A new recessive allele, semierecta (se) with a phenotypic effect somewhat similar to the dominant allele erecta (Er) was observed. Plants with large fruits and seeds, macrocarpa, were noted but no information is available with regard to its genetic constitution
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
1959
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| Subjects: | COFFEA ARABICA, MUTANTES, VARIACION GENETICA, POLINIZACION CRUZADA, FITOMEJORAMIENTO, GENETICA, METODOS DE MEJORAMIENTO, ETIOPIA, |
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