Social inequality in contemporary Argentina
Most Latin American societies have been marked by underdevelopment and stark inequalities. In the mid-twentieth century, however, Argentinian society seemed to illustrate an alternative: high urbanization, full employment, universal healthcare and education, advanced intermediate industrialization and an extensive middle class – a relatively integrated society with moderate inequality and much social mobility. But this society changed dramatically, having to abandon its longed-for future of progress. Indeed, particularly at the end of the twentieth century, in the context of neoliberal structural reforms, Argentinian society could not avoid the trap of underdevelopment: economic liberalization, trade openness and financial flexibilization resulted in instability, rising unemployment, poverty and social marginality, with deteriorating public health, education and social protection. These processes produced a society marked by deep inequalities, internal conflicts and social unrest, a cycle that produced the economic, social and political crisis of 2001-2, the deepest in Argentina’s modern history. In contrast, the first decade of the 21st century, helped by a favorable international context, proved that some economic, occupational, social, political and institutional recovery was possible. But this period did not last long: the economy stagnated, and society’s structural fragmentation became evident once again. By 2015, Argentinian society included several different layers of marginalized, poor and excluded segments. About 30% of the population could be considered poor, with 6% living in extreme poverty, unable to afford adequate food for their household. Poverty was exacerbated by extensive urban marginality: 35% of the households did not have sewers, 20% lacked running water and 15% resided in precarious housing. In response to these impoverished social conditions, different readings have oscillated between denial, chauvinism and victimization. All too often, Argentinians imagine they live in a society that is homogeneous, cohesive, integrated and meritocratic, a stereotyped mythical image promoted by the state during the process of nation building, and later reinforced by the development of a relatively well-off urban middle class...
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International Sociological Association
2017
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Subjects: | POBREZA, DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL, ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL, CRISIS ECONOMICA, CRISIS POLITICA, DESEMPLEO, |
Online Access: | https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/14375 |
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oai:ucacris:123456789-143752022-07-08T05:01:03Z Social inequality in contemporary Argentina Salvia, Agustín Rubio, María Berenice POBREZA DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS POLITICA DESEMPLEO Most Latin American societies have been marked by underdevelopment and stark inequalities. In the mid-twentieth century, however, Argentinian society seemed to illustrate an alternative: high urbanization, full employment, universal healthcare and education, advanced intermediate industrialization and an extensive middle class – a relatively integrated society with moderate inequality and much social mobility. But this society changed dramatically, having to abandon its longed-for future of progress. Indeed, particularly at the end of the twentieth century, in the context of neoliberal structural reforms, Argentinian society could not avoid the trap of underdevelopment: economic liberalization, trade openness and financial flexibilization resulted in instability, rising unemployment, poverty and social marginality, with deteriorating public health, education and social protection. These processes produced a society marked by deep inequalities, internal conflicts and social unrest, a cycle that produced the economic, social and political crisis of 2001-2, the deepest in Argentina’s modern history. In contrast, the first decade of the 21st century, helped by a favorable international context, proved that some economic, occupational, social, political and institutional recovery was possible. But this period did not last long: the economy stagnated, and society’s structural fragmentation became evident once again. By 2015, Argentinian society included several different layers of marginalized, poor and excluded segments. About 30% of the population could be considered poor, with 6% living in extreme poverty, unable to afford adequate food for their household. Poverty was exacerbated by extensive urban marginality: 35% of the households did not have sewers, 20% lacked running water and 15% resided in precarious housing. In response to these impoverished social conditions, different readings have oscillated between denial, chauvinism and victimization. All too often, Argentinians imagine they live in a society that is homogeneous, cohesive, integrated and meritocratic, a stereotyped mythical image promoted by the state during the process of nation building, and later reinforced by the development of a relatively well-off urban middle class... 2022-07-07T15:15:21Z 2022-07-07T15:15:21Z 2017 Artículo Salvia, A. y Rubio, B. Social inequality in contemporary Argentina [en línea]. Global Dialogue. Magazine of International Sociological Association. 2017, 7(4). Disponible en: https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/14375 2519-8688 https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/14375 eng Acceso abierto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf Argentina Siglo XX Siglo XXI International Sociological Association Global Dialogue. Magazine of International Sociological Association. 2017, 7(4) |
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Argentina |
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AR |
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POBREZA DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS POLITICA DESEMPLEO POBREZA DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS POLITICA DESEMPLEO |
spellingShingle |
POBREZA DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS POLITICA DESEMPLEO POBREZA DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS POLITICA DESEMPLEO Salvia, Agustín Rubio, María Berenice Social inequality in contemporary Argentina |
description |
Most Latin American societies have been marked by underdevelopment and stark inequalities.
In the mid-twentieth century, however, Argentinian society seemed to illustrate an alternative:
high urbanization, full employment, universal healthcare and education, advanced intermediate
industrialization and an extensive middle class – a relatively integrated society with moderate
inequality and much social mobility.
But this society changed dramatically, having to abandon its longed-for future of progress.
Indeed, particularly at the end of the twentieth century, in the context of neoliberal structural
reforms, Argentinian society could not avoid the trap of underdevelopment: economic
liberalization, trade openness and financial flexibilization resulted in instability, rising
unemployment, poverty and social marginality, with deteriorating public health, education and
social protection.
These processes produced a society marked by deep inequalities, internal conflicts and social
unrest, a cycle that produced the economic, social and political crisis of 2001-2, the deepest in
Argentina’s modern history.
In contrast, the first decade of the 21st century, helped by a favorable international context,
proved that some economic, occupational, social, political and institutional recovery was
possible. But this period did not last long: the economy stagnated, and society’s structural
fragmentation became evident once again. By 2015, Argentinian society included several
different layers of marginalized, poor and excluded segments. About 30% of the population
could be considered poor, with 6% living in extreme poverty, unable to afford adequate food for
their household. Poverty was exacerbated by extensive urban marginality: 35% of the
households did not have sewers, 20% lacked running water and 15% resided in precarious
housing.
In response to these impoverished social conditions, different readings have oscillated between
denial, chauvinism and victimization. All too often, Argentinians imagine they live in a society
that is homogeneous, cohesive, integrated and meritocratic, a stereotyped mythical image
promoted by the state during the process of nation building, and later reinforced by the
development of a relatively well-off urban middle class... |
format |
Artículo |
topic_facet |
POBREZA DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS ECONOMICA CRISIS POLITICA DESEMPLEO |
author |
Salvia, Agustín Rubio, María Berenice |
author_facet |
Salvia, Agustín Rubio, María Berenice |
author_sort |
Salvia, Agustín |
title |
Social inequality in contemporary Argentina |
title_short |
Social inequality in contemporary Argentina |
title_full |
Social inequality in contemporary Argentina |
title_fullStr |
Social inequality in contemporary Argentina |
title_full_unstemmed |
Social inequality in contemporary Argentina |
title_sort |
social inequality in contemporary argentina |
publisher |
International Sociological Association |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/14375 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT salviaagustin socialinequalityincontemporaryargentina AT rubiomariaberenice socialinequalityincontemporaryargentina |
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1756276571538194432 |