Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay

Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay

Chemical rest breaking agents to compensate chilling requirements in apple (Malus domestica Borkh) are widely used in Uruguay (34º 37’ SL). This study evaluated the response to the application of rest breaking products in two varieties (Red Chief and Granny Smith), in three moments (AT), during 2005 and 2006. Treatments were evaluated in a factorial arrangement with two factors, product and moment. Products evaluated were: Hydrogen Cyanamide (2.5%), mineral paraffinic oil (3%), refined paraffinic mineral oil (2%) and a mixture of Hydrogen Cyanamide (0.75%) and paraffinic mineral oil (2%). The first application was performed at 250 CU (UTAH model) (during the first 15 days of August), and the following the first and third week of September. Beginning of the endodormancy release was determined when 50% of leaf fell, and completion was defined when 50% of one year old buds sprouted in a grow chamber. Budbreak percentage under field conditions was evaluated weekly, and new shoot length was quantified. At harvest, flesh firmness, soluble solids and starch content were measured. For most cases, ‘AT x product’ interaction and ‘product’ effect on budbreak percentage were not significant, while ‘AT’ effect was significant. Chemical products applied at the second and third AT significantly increased budbreak percentage with respect to control, while products applied first triggered earlier budbreak.

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Main Authors: Severino, Vivian, Arbiza, Héctor, Arias, Mercedes, Manzi, Matías, Gravina, Alfredo
Format: Digital revista
Language:spa
Published: Coeditada entre Facultad de Agronomía - Udelar y el Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA) 2012
Online Access:https://agrocienciauruguay.uy/index.php/agrociencia/article/view/535
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spelling oai:oai.agrocienciauruguay.uy:article-5352023-12-28T15:42:58Z Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay Manejo de la dormición de manzanos en el sur del Uruguay: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay Severino, Vivian Arbiza, Héctor Arias, Mercedes Manzi, Matías Gravina, Alfredo mineral oil hydrogen cyanamide endodormancy Malus domestica Refrigeration Units aceite mineral cianamida hidrogenada endodormancia Malus domestica Unidades de Frío Chemical rest breaking agents to compensate chilling requirements in apple (Malus domestica Borkh) are widely used in Uruguay (34º 37’ SL). This study evaluated the response to the application of rest breaking products in two varieties (Red Chief and Granny Smith), in three moments (AT), during 2005 and 2006. Treatments were evaluated in a factorial arrangement with two factors, product and moment. Products evaluated were: Hydrogen Cyanamide (2.5%), mineral paraffinic oil (3%), refined paraffinic mineral oil (2%) and a mixture of Hydrogen Cyanamide (0.75%) and paraffinic mineral oil (2%). The first application was performed at 250 CU (UTAH model) (during the first 15 days of August), and the following the first and third week of September. Beginning of the endodormancy release was determined when 50% of leaf fell, and completion was defined when 50% of one year old buds sprouted in a grow chamber. Budbreak percentage under field conditions was evaluated weekly, and new shoot length was quantified. At harvest, flesh firmness, soluble solids and starch content were measured. For most cases, ‘AT x product’ interaction and ‘product’ effect on budbreak percentage were not significant, while ‘AT’ effect was significant. Chemical products applied at the second and third AT significantly increased budbreak percentage with respect to control, while products applied first triggered earlier budbreak. El uso de productos compensadores de frío en manzana (Malus domestica) es una técnica ampliamente difundida en Uruguay. Este trabajo evaluó la respuesta a la aplicación de compensadores en dos variedades (Red Chief y Granny Smith), en tres momentos de aplicación (MA) en 2005 y 2006. Los compensadores fueron evaluados en un experimento factorial con dos factores, producto y momento. Los productos aplicados fueron cianamida hidrogenada (H2 CN2 ) al 2,5%, aceite mineral parafínico al 3%, aceite mineral parafínico refinado al 2%, y una combinación de H2 CN2 al 0,75% + aceite mineral parafínico al 2%. La primera aplicación fue realizada cuando se alcanzaron 250 UF (modelo UTAH) (primera quincena agosto), las siguientes, la primera y tercera semana de setiembre. El inicio de salida de endodormancia se fijó cuando se alcanzó el 50% de la caída de hojas y su finalización fue definida cuando se alcanzó el 50% de yemas brotadas en brindillas en cámara de crecimiento controlado. Semanalmente se evaluó el porcentaje de brotación en condiciones de campo, se cuantificó el crecimiento de brotes vegetativos. En cosecha se evaluó firmeza de pulpa y contenido de sólidos solubles y almidón. Para la mayoría de las condiciones, los efectos ‘MA x producto’ y ‘producto’ sobre la brotación no fueron significativos, mostrando significancia el efecto ‘MA’. Los tratamientos en el segundo y tercer momento mostraron un significativo incremento del porcentaje de yemas brotadas con respecto al control, mientras que los tratamientos aplicados en el primer momento presentaron un adelanto de la misma. Coeditada entre Facultad de Agronomía - Udelar y el Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA) 2012-12-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://agrocienciauruguay.uy/index.php/agrociencia/article/view/535 10.31285/AGRO.16.535 Agrociencia Uruguay; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2012); 18- 26 Agrociencia Uruguay; Vol. 16 Núm. 2 (2012); 18- 26 Agrociencia Uruguay; v. 16 n. 2 (2012); 18- 26 2730-5066 spa https://agrocienciauruguay.uy/index.php/agrociencia/article/view/535/529 Copyright (c) 2021 Agrociencia Uruguay http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
institution UDELAR
collection OJS
country Uruguay
countrycode UY
component Revista
access En linea
databasecode rev-agrociencia-uy
tag revista
region America del Sur
libraryname Biblioteca de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UDELAR de UY
language spa
format Digital
author Severino, Vivian
Arbiza, Héctor
Arias, Mercedes
Manzi, Matías
Gravina, Alfredo
spellingShingle Severino, Vivian
Arbiza, Héctor
Arias, Mercedes
Manzi, Matías
Gravina, Alfredo
Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay
author_facet Severino, Vivian
Arbiza, Héctor
Arias, Mercedes
Manzi, Matías
Gravina, Alfredo
author_sort Severino, Vivian
title Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay
title_short Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay
title_full Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay
title_fullStr Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay
title_full_unstemmed Endodormancy in Apple: Management Techniques in Southern Uruguay
title_sort endodormancy in apple: management techniques in southern uruguay
description Chemical rest breaking agents to compensate chilling requirements in apple (Malus domestica Borkh) are widely used in Uruguay (34º 37’ SL). This study evaluated the response to the application of rest breaking products in two varieties (Red Chief and Granny Smith), in three moments (AT), during 2005 and 2006. Treatments were evaluated in a factorial arrangement with two factors, product and moment. Products evaluated were: Hydrogen Cyanamide (2.5%), mineral paraffinic oil (3%), refined paraffinic mineral oil (2%) and a mixture of Hydrogen Cyanamide (0.75%) and paraffinic mineral oil (2%). The first application was performed at 250 CU (UTAH model) (during the first 15 days of August), and the following the first and third week of September. Beginning of the endodormancy release was determined when 50% of leaf fell, and completion was defined when 50% of one year old buds sprouted in a grow chamber. Budbreak percentage under field conditions was evaluated weekly, and new shoot length was quantified. At harvest, flesh firmness, soluble solids and starch content were measured. For most cases, ‘AT x product’ interaction and ‘product’ effect on budbreak percentage were not significant, while ‘AT’ effect was significant. Chemical products applied at the second and third AT significantly increased budbreak percentage with respect to control, while products applied first triggered earlier budbreak.
publisher Coeditada entre Facultad de Agronomía - Udelar y el Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA)
publishDate 2012
url https://agrocienciauruguay.uy/index.php/agrociencia/article/view/535
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