Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco
The Dry Chaco is mostly known as a forested ecosystem. However it includes natural grasslands, savannas, scrublands, and wetlands. With one of the highest global deforestation rates in the last two decades and only 12% of the area protected, the concern about land-use change in this ecoregion has raised exponentially; but conservation initiatives developed in last years almost exclusively targeted forests whereas natural grasslands and savannas remain as neglected ecosystem within scientific and governmental agendas. While currently the distribution of natural grassland and savanna area encompasses over 20,000 km2, historical records and spatial models indicate that natural grassland and savannas were more widespread in pre-European era. Two main reasons drove this reduction in natural grasslands and savannas: woody encroachment by fire suppression and overgrazing, and conversion to agriculture and implanted pastures. In this article, through a combination of analyzes and bibliographic revisions, we describe biotic and abiotic components of natural grassland and savannas of the Dry Chaco. We also present the current distribution and conservation status of these ecosystems, and describe the process of change and the ecological consequences for biogeochemical cycles and biologic interactions. To provide basis for management, we estimate current grazing stocking rates on natural grasslands and savannas of Argentine Dry Chaco and we propose an alternative approach to sustainably intensify the use of these ecosystems and improve cattle rancher livelihoods. Despite the existent knowledge about natural grasslands and savannas in the region, we believe that is necessary to motivate the scientific community and national institutions to increase efforts to reconcile the restoration and conservation of these particular rangelands.
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Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/parte de libro biblioteca |
Language: | eng |
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Elsevier
2020-06-26
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Subjects: | Chaco, Argentina, Sistemas de Pastoreo, Ecología del Fuego, Fire Ecology, Grazing Systems, Subtropical Zones, Zona Subtropical, Biodiversity Conflicts, Dry Chaco, Ecosystem Management, Grasslands Conservation, Neglected Ecosystems, Novel Ecosystems, South American Rangelands, Subtropical Savannas, Woody Encroachment, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/10604 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124095489120949 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12094-9 |
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Chaco Argentina Sistemas de Pastoreo Ecología del Fuego Fire Ecology Grazing Systems Subtropical Zones Zona Subtropical Biodiversity Conflicts Dry Chaco Ecosystem Management Grasslands Conservation Neglected Ecosystems Novel Ecosystems South American Rangelands Subtropical Savannas Woody Encroachment Chaco Argentina Sistemas de Pastoreo Ecología del Fuego Fire Ecology Grazing Systems Subtropical Zones Zona Subtropical Biodiversity Conflicts Dry Chaco Ecosystem Management Grasslands Conservation Neglected Ecosystems Novel Ecosystems South American Rangelands Subtropical Savannas Woody Encroachment |
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Chaco Argentina Sistemas de Pastoreo Ecología del Fuego Fire Ecology Grazing Systems Subtropical Zones Zona Subtropical Biodiversity Conflicts Dry Chaco Ecosystem Management Grasslands Conservation Neglected Ecosystems Novel Ecosystems South American Rangelands Subtropical Savannas Woody Encroachment Chaco Argentina Sistemas de Pastoreo Ecología del Fuego Fire Ecology Grazing Systems Subtropical Zones Zona Subtropical Biodiversity Conflicts Dry Chaco Ecosystem Management Grasslands Conservation Neglected Ecosystems Novel Ecosystems South American Rangelands Subtropical Savannas Woody Encroachment Fernandez, Pedro David Baumann, Mathias Baldi, Germán Banegas, Natalia Romina Bravo, Sandra Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio Lucherini, Mauro Marinaro, Sofia Nanni, Ana Sofía Nasca, Jose Andres Tessi, Torcuato Grau, Hector Ricardo Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco |
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The Dry Chaco is mostly known as a forested ecosystem. However it includes natural grasslands, savannas, scrublands, and wetlands. With one of the highest global deforestation rates in the last two decades and only 12% of the area protected, the concern about land-use change in this ecoregion has raised exponentially; but conservation initiatives developed in last years almost exclusively targeted forests whereas natural grasslands and savannas remain as neglected ecosystem within scientific and governmental agendas. While currently the distribution of natural grassland and savanna area encompasses over 20,000 km2, historical records and spatial models indicate that natural grassland and savannas were more widespread in pre-European era. Two main reasons drove this reduction in natural grasslands and savannas: woody encroachment by fire suppression and overgrazing, and conversion to agriculture and implanted pastures. In this article, through a combination of analyzes and bibliographic revisions, we describe biotic and abiotic components of natural grassland and savannas of the Dry Chaco. We also present the current distribution and conservation status of these ecosystems, and describe the process of change and the ecological consequences for biogeochemical cycles and biologic interactions. To provide basis for management, we estimate current grazing stocking rates on natural grasslands and savannas of Argentine Dry Chaco and we propose an alternative approach to sustainably intensify the use of these ecosystems and improve cattle rancher livelihoods. Despite the existent knowledge about natural grasslands and savannas in the region, we believe that is necessary to motivate the scientific community and national institutions to increase efforts to reconcile the restoration and conservation of these particular rangelands. |
author2 |
Goldstein, Michael I. (Editor) |
author_facet |
Goldstein, Michael I. (Editor) Fernandez, Pedro David Baumann, Mathias Baldi, Germán Banegas, Natalia Romina Bravo, Sandra Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio Lucherini, Mauro Marinaro, Sofia Nanni, Ana Sofía Nasca, Jose Andres Tessi, Torcuato Grau, Hector Ricardo |
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info:ar-repo/semantics/parte de libro |
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Chaco Argentina Sistemas de Pastoreo Ecología del Fuego Fire Ecology Grazing Systems Subtropical Zones Zona Subtropical Biodiversity Conflicts Dry Chaco Ecosystem Management Grasslands Conservation Neglected Ecosystems Novel Ecosystems South American Rangelands Subtropical Savannas Woody Encroachment |
author |
Fernandez, Pedro David Baumann, Mathias Baldi, Germán Banegas, Natalia Romina Bravo, Sandra Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio Lucherini, Mauro Marinaro, Sofia Nanni, Ana Sofía Nasca, Jose Andres Tessi, Torcuato Grau, Hector Ricardo |
author_sort |
Fernandez, Pedro David |
title |
Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco |
title_short |
Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco |
title_full |
Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco |
title_fullStr |
Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco |
title_full_unstemmed |
Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco |
title_sort |
grasslands and open savannas of the dry chaco |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2020-06-26 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/10604 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124095489120949 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12094-9 |
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oai:localhost:20.500.12123-106042021-10-27T14:51:39Z Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco Fernandez, Pedro David Baumann, Mathias Baldi, Germán Banegas, Natalia Romina Bravo, Sandra Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio Lucherini, Mauro Marinaro, Sofia Nanni, Ana Sofía Nasca, Jose Andres Tessi, Torcuato Grau, Hector Ricardo Goldstein, Michael I. (Editor) DellaSala, Dominick A.(Editor) Chaco Argentina Sistemas de Pastoreo Ecología del Fuego Fire Ecology Grazing Systems Subtropical Zones Zona Subtropical Biodiversity Conflicts Dry Chaco Ecosystem Management Grasslands Conservation Neglected Ecosystems Novel Ecosystems South American Rangelands Subtropical Savannas Woody Encroachment The Dry Chaco is mostly known as a forested ecosystem. However it includes natural grasslands, savannas, scrublands, and wetlands. With one of the highest global deforestation rates in the last two decades and only 12% of the area protected, the concern about land-use change in this ecoregion has raised exponentially; but conservation initiatives developed in last years almost exclusively targeted forests whereas natural grasslands and savannas remain as neglected ecosystem within scientific and governmental agendas. While currently the distribution of natural grassland and savanna area encompasses over 20,000 km2, historical records and spatial models indicate that natural grassland and savannas were more widespread in pre-European era. Two main reasons drove this reduction in natural grasslands and savannas: woody encroachment by fire suppression and overgrazing, and conversion to agriculture and implanted pastures. In this article, through a combination of analyzes and bibliographic revisions, we describe biotic and abiotic components of natural grassland and savannas of the Dry Chaco. We also present the current distribution and conservation status of these ecosystems, and describe the process of change and the ecological consequences for biogeochemical cycles and biologic interactions. To provide basis for management, we estimate current grazing stocking rates on natural grasslands and savannas of Argentine Dry Chaco and we propose an alternative approach to sustainably intensify the use of these ecosystems and improve cattle rancher livelihoods. Despite the existent knowledge about natural grasslands and savannas in the region, we believe that is necessary to motivate the scientific community and national institutions to increase efforts to reconcile the restoration and conservation of these particular rangelands. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido Fil: Fernandez, Pedro David. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Fernandez, Pedro David. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Baumann, Mathias. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania Fil: Baldi, Germán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis; Argentina Fil: Banegas, Natalia Romina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Bravo, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Silvicultura y Manejo de Bosques; Argentina Fil: Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina Fil: Lucherini, Mauro. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur; Argentina Fil: Marinaro, Sofia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Nanni, Ana Sofía. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Nasca, Jose Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Tessi, Torcuato. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; Argentina Fil: Grau, Hector Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Grau, Hector Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina 2021-10-27T14:43:21Z 2021-10-27T14:43:21Z 2020-06-26 info:ar-repo/semantics/parte de libro info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/10604 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124095489120949 Fernandez, Pedro David et al. (2020) Grasslands and Open Savannas of the Dry Chaco . In: Goldstein, M. I., DellaSala, D.A. (eds)Encyclopedia of the World's Biomes. Elsevier 978-0-12-816097-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12094-9 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Elsevier Encyclopedia of the World's Biomes / editors: Michael I. Goldstein, Dominick A. DellaSala. Elsevier, p. 562-576 |