Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco
The authors use Morocco's national survey of living standards to measure the short-term welfare impacts of prior estimates of the price changes attributed to various trade policy reforms for cereals-the country's main food staple. They find small impacts on mean consumption and inequality in the aggregate. There are both gainers and losers and (contrary to past claims) the rural poor are worse off on average after trade policy reforms. The authors decompose the aggregate impact on inequality into a "vertical" component (between people at different pre-reform welfare levels) and a "horizontal" component (between people at the same pre-reform welfare level). There is a large horizontal component which dominates the vertical impact of full de-protection. The diverse impacts reflect a degree of observable heterogeneity in consumption behavior and income sources, with implications for social protection policies.
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dig-okr-10986141672021-04-23T14:03:21Z Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco Ravallion, Martin Lokshin, Michael ADVERSE IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURE BENEFIT INCIDENCE CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE CONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION PATTERNS CPI CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONS CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SET DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS EMPIRICAL EXAMPLES EMPLOYMENT ENVELOPE PROPERTY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS HORIZONTAL EQUITY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME SOURCES INCOMES INEQUALITY INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASURES INPUT PRICES LABOR MARKET LIVING INDEX LIVING STANDARDS LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT STUDY LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY MARGINAL UTILITY MEAN CONSUMPTION MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASUREMENT ERROR MEASURING WELFARE NATIONAL POVERTY NEGLIGIBLE DIFFERENCE OFFICIAL POVERTY POLICY CHANGE POLICY REFORM POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESPONSE POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE IMPACT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY RATE PRICE CHANGES PRICE VECTOR PRICES CHANGE PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT FUNCTIONS PROPORTIONATE CHANGES PROTECTION POLICIES REAL WAGE REAL WAGE RATES REAL WAGES REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGRESSION FUNCTION RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICE RURAL AREAS RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POVERTY SAVINGS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL WELFARE STATISTICS OFFICE TAX REFORM TAXATION TIME SERIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE REFORMS URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN CONSUMERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POVERTY URBAN SECTOR UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATES WAGES WATER RESOURCES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE LEVELS WELFARE MEASURE TRADE REFORM TRADE POLICIES FOOD STAPLES FOOD POLICIES CEREALS RURAL POVERTY CONSUMPTION ECONOMICS SOCIAL POLICIES WELFARE INEQUALITY The authors use Morocco's national survey of living standards to measure the short-term welfare impacts of prior estimates of the price changes attributed to various trade policy reforms for cereals-the country's main food staple. They find small impacts on mean consumption and inequality in the aggregate. There are both gainers and losers and (contrary to past claims) the rural poor are worse off on average after trade policy reforms. The authors decompose the aggregate impact on inequality into a "vertical" component (between people at different pre-reform welfare levels) and a "horizontal" component (between people at the same pre-reform welfare level). There is a large horizontal component which dominates the vertical impact of full de-protection. The diverse impacts reflect a degree of observable heterogeneity in consumption behavior and income sources, with implications for social protection policies. 2013-06-25T15:16:05Z 2013-06-25T15:16:05Z 2004-08 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/08/5062169/gainers-losers-trade-reform-morocco http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14167 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No.3368 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, D.C. Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Middle East and North Africa Morocco |
| institution |
Banco Mundial |
| collection |
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Estados Unidos |
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US |
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Bibliográfico |
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biblioteca |
| region |
America del Norte |
| libraryname |
Biblioteca del Banco Mundial |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ADVERSE IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURE BENEFIT INCIDENCE CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE CONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION PATTERNS CPI CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONS CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SET DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS EMPIRICAL EXAMPLES EMPLOYMENT ENVELOPE PROPERTY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS HORIZONTAL EQUITY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME SOURCES INCOMES INEQUALITY INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASURES INPUT PRICES LABOR MARKET LIVING INDEX LIVING STANDARDS LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT STUDY LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY MARGINAL UTILITY MEAN CONSUMPTION MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASUREMENT ERROR MEASURING WELFARE NATIONAL POVERTY NEGLIGIBLE DIFFERENCE OFFICIAL POVERTY POLICY CHANGE POLICY REFORM POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESPONSE POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE IMPACT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY RATE PRICE CHANGES PRICE VECTOR PRICES CHANGE PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT FUNCTIONS PROPORTIONATE CHANGES PROTECTION POLICIES REAL WAGE REAL WAGE RATES REAL WAGES REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGRESSION FUNCTION RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICE RURAL AREAS RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POVERTY SAVINGS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL WELFARE STATISTICS OFFICE TAX REFORM TAXATION TIME SERIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE REFORMS URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN CONSUMERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POVERTY URBAN SECTOR UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATES WAGES WATER RESOURCES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE LEVELS WELFARE MEASURE TRADE REFORM TRADE POLICIES FOOD STAPLES FOOD POLICIES CEREALS RURAL POVERTY CONSUMPTION ECONOMICS SOCIAL POLICIES WELFARE INEQUALITY ADVERSE IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURE BENEFIT INCIDENCE CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE CONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION PATTERNS CPI CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONS CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SET DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS EMPIRICAL EXAMPLES EMPLOYMENT ENVELOPE PROPERTY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS HORIZONTAL EQUITY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME SOURCES INCOMES INEQUALITY INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASURES INPUT PRICES LABOR MARKET LIVING INDEX LIVING STANDARDS LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT STUDY LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY MARGINAL UTILITY MEAN CONSUMPTION MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASUREMENT ERROR MEASURING WELFARE NATIONAL POVERTY NEGLIGIBLE DIFFERENCE OFFICIAL POVERTY POLICY CHANGE POLICY REFORM POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESPONSE POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE IMPACT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY RATE PRICE CHANGES PRICE VECTOR PRICES CHANGE PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT FUNCTIONS PROPORTIONATE CHANGES PROTECTION POLICIES REAL WAGE REAL WAGE RATES REAL WAGES REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGRESSION FUNCTION RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICE RURAL AREAS RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POVERTY SAVINGS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL WELFARE STATISTICS OFFICE TAX REFORM TAXATION TIME SERIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE REFORMS URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN CONSUMERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POVERTY URBAN SECTOR UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATES WAGES WATER RESOURCES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE LEVELS WELFARE MEASURE TRADE REFORM TRADE POLICIES FOOD STAPLES FOOD POLICIES CEREALS RURAL POVERTY CONSUMPTION ECONOMICS SOCIAL POLICIES WELFARE INEQUALITY |
| spellingShingle |
ADVERSE IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURE BENEFIT INCIDENCE CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE CONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION PATTERNS CPI CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONS CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SET DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS EMPIRICAL EXAMPLES EMPLOYMENT ENVELOPE PROPERTY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS HORIZONTAL EQUITY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME SOURCES INCOMES INEQUALITY INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASURES INPUT PRICES LABOR MARKET LIVING INDEX LIVING STANDARDS LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT STUDY LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY MARGINAL UTILITY MEAN CONSUMPTION MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASUREMENT ERROR MEASURING WELFARE NATIONAL POVERTY NEGLIGIBLE DIFFERENCE OFFICIAL POVERTY POLICY CHANGE POLICY REFORM POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESPONSE POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE IMPACT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY RATE PRICE CHANGES PRICE VECTOR PRICES CHANGE PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT FUNCTIONS PROPORTIONATE CHANGES PROTECTION POLICIES REAL WAGE REAL WAGE RATES REAL WAGES REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGRESSION FUNCTION RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICE RURAL AREAS RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POVERTY SAVINGS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL WELFARE STATISTICS OFFICE TAX REFORM TAXATION TIME SERIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE REFORMS URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN CONSUMERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POVERTY URBAN SECTOR UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATES WAGES WATER RESOURCES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE LEVELS WELFARE MEASURE TRADE REFORM TRADE POLICIES FOOD STAPLES FOOD POLICIES CEREALS RURAL POVERTY CONSUMPTION ECONOMICS SOCIAL POLICIES WELFARE INEQUALITY ADVERSE IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURE BENEFIT INCIDENCE CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE CONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION PATTERNS CPI CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONS CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SET DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS EMPIRICAL EXAMPLES EMPLOYMENT ENVELOPE PROPERTY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS HORIZONTAL EQUITY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME SOURCES INCOMES INEQUALITY INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASURES INPUT PRICES LABOR MARKET LIVING INDEX LIVING STANDARDS LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT STUDY LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY MARGINAL UTILITY MEAN CONSUMPTION MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASUREMENT ERROR MEASURING WELFARE NATIONAL POVERTY NEGLIGIBLE DIFFERENCE OFFICIAL POVERTY POLICY CHANGE POLICY REFORM POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESPONSE POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE IMPACT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY RATE PRICE CHANGES PRICE VECTOR PRICES CHANGE PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT FUNCTIONS PROPORTIONATE CHANGES PROTECTION POLICIES REAL WAGE REAL WAGE RATES REAL WAGES REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGRESSION FUNCTION RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICE RURAL AREAS RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POVERTY SAVINGS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL WELFARE STATISTICS OFFICE TAX REFORM TAXATION TIME SERIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE REFORMS URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN CONSUMERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POVERTY URBAN SECTOR UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATES WAGES WATER RESOURCES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE LEVELS WELFARE MEASURE TRADE REFORM TRADE POLICIES FOOD STAPLES FOOD POLICIES CEREALS RURAL POVERTY CONSUMPTION ECONOMICS SOCIAL POLICIES WELFARE INEQUALITY Ravallion, Martin Lokshin, Michael Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco |
| description |
The authors use Morocco's national
survey of living standards to measure the short-term welfare
impacts of prior estimates of the price changes attributed
to various trade policy reforms for cereals-the
country's main food staple. They find small impacts on
mean consumption and inequality in the aggregate. There are
both gainers and losers and (contrary to past claims) the
rural poor are worse off on average after trade policy
reforms. The authors decompose the aggregate impact on
inequality into a "vertical" component (between
people at different pre-reform welfare levels) and a
"horizontal" component (between people at the same
pre-reform welfare level). There is a large horizontal
component which dominates the vertical impact of full
de-protection. The diverse impacts reflect a degree of
observable heterogeneity in consumption behavior and income
sources, with implications for social protection policies. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| topic_facet |
ADVERSE IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURE BENEFIT INCIDENCE CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE CONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION PATTERNS CPI CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONS CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SET DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS EMPIRICAL EXAMPLES EMPLOYMENT ENVELOPE PROPERTY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS HORIZONTAL EQUITY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME SOURCES INCOMES INEQUALITY INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASURES INPUT PRICES LABOR MARKET LIVING INDEX LIVING STANDARDS LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT STUDY LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY MARGINAL UTILITY MEAN CONSUMPTION MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASUREMENT ERROR MEASURING WELFARE NATIONAL POVERTY NEGLIGIBLE DIFFERENCE OFFICIAL POVERTY POLICY CHANGE POLICY REFORM POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESPONSE POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE IMPACT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY RATE PRICE CHANGES PRICE VECTOR PRICES CHANGE PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT FUNCTIONS PROPORTIONATE CHANGES PROTECTION POLICIES REAL WAGE REAL WAGE RATES REAL WAGES REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGRESSION FUNCTION RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICE RURAL AREAS RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POVERTY SAVINGS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL WELFARE STATISTICS OFFICE TAX REFORM TAXATION TIME SERIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE REFORMS URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN CONSUMERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POVERTY URBAN SECTOR UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATES WAGES WATER RESOURCES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE LEVELS WELFARE MEASURE TRADE REFORM TRADE POLICIES FOOD STAPLES FOOD POLICIES CEREALS RURAL POVERTY CONSUMPTION ECONOMICS SOCIAL POLICIES WELFARE INEQUALITY |
| author |
Ravallion, Martin Lokshin, Michael |
| author_facet |
Ravallion, Martin Lokshin, Michael |
| author_sort |
Ravallion, Martin |
| title |
Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco |
| title_short |
Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco |
| title_full |
Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco |
| title_fullStr |
Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Gainers and Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco |
| title_sort |
gainers and losers from trade reform in morocco |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, D.C. |
| publishDate |
2004-08 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/08/5062169/gainers-losers-trade-reform-morocco http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14167 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT ravallionmartin gainersandlosersfromtradereforminmorocco AT lokshinmichael gainersandlosersfromtradereforminmorocco |
| _version_ |
1756573050594131968 |