New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies
Practical tools to quantify range-wide dietary choices of the polar bear have not been well developed, thus impeding the monitoring of this species in a changing climate. Here we describe our steps toward non-invasive polar bear diet determination with the optimization of 454 pyrosequencing of a 136 base pair (bp) mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) fragment amplified from the extracts of captive and wild polar bear faeces. We first determine the efficacy, reliability, and accuracy of our method using five faecal samples from a captive polar bear fed a known diet at the Canadian Polar Bear Habitat in Cochrane, Ontario, Canada; 19 samples from three polar bears at the Metro Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and seven samples from seven wild (unfed) polar bears from a holding facility in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. We report 91% overall success in amplifying a 136 bp cytb amplicon from the faeces of polar bears. Our DNA analyses accurately recovered the vertebrate diet profiles of captive bears fed known diets. We then characterized multiyear vertebrate prey diet choices from free-ranging polar bears from the sea ice of the M'Clintock Channel polar bear management unit, Nunavut, Canada (n = 117 from an unknown number of bears). These data point to a diet unsurprisingly dominated by ringed seal (Pusa hispida) while including evidence of bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), muskox (Ovibos moschatus ssp.), Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), wolf (Canis lupus), Herring Gull (Larus argentatus), and Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus). We found low levels of contamination (< 3% of sequences when present) and suggest specific process improvements to reduce contamination in range-wide studies. Together, these findings indicate that next-generation sequencing-based diet assessments show great promise in monitoring free-ranging polar bears in this time of climate change.
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Format: | article biblioteca |
Language: | eng |
Subjects: | fèces, Ursus maritimus, régime alimentaire, Ursus, glace d'eau de mer, renard arctique, identification, changement climatique, Nunavut, Phoca vitulina, Vulpes vulpes, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2772, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48919, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2261, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15113, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25108e09, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8914, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3791, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b582c831, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48902, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_390248b8, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4585, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5358, |
Online Access: | http://agritrop.cirad.fr/607055/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/607055/1/607055.pdf |
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dig-cirad-fr-6070552024-02-27T19:00:03Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/607055/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/607055/ New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies. Michaux Johan, Dyck Markus, Boag Peter, Lougheed Stephen, Van Coeverden de Groot Peter. 2021. Artic, 74 (1) : 87-99.https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic72239 <https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic72239> New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies Michaux, Johan Dyck, Markus Boag, Peter Lougheed, Stephen Van Coeverden de Groot, Peter eng 2021 Artic fèces Ursus maritimus régime alimentaire Ursus glace d'eau de mer renard arctique identification changement climatique Nunavut Phoca vitulina Vulpes vulpes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2772 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48919 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2261 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15113 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25108e09 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8914 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3791 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b582c831 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48902 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_390248b8 Manitoba Ontario http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4585 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5358 Practical tools to quantify range-wide dietary choices of the polar bear have not been well developed, thus impeding the monitoring of this species in a changing climate. Here we describe our steps toward non-invasive polar bear diet determination with the optimization of 454 pyrosequencing of a 136 base pair (bp) mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) fragment amplified from the extracts of captive and wild polar bear faeces. We first determine the efficacy, reliability, and accuracy of our method using five faecal samples from a captive polar bear fed a known diet at the Canadian Polar Bear Habitat in Cochrane, Ontario, Canada; 19 samples from three polar bears at the Metro Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and seven samples from seven wild (unfed) polar bears from a holding facility in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. We report 91% overall success in amplifying a 136 bp cytb amplicon from the faeces of polar bears. Our DNA analyses accurately recovered the vertebrate diet profiles of captive bears fed known diets. We then characterized multiyear vertebrate prey diet choices from free-ranging polar bears from the sea ice of the M'Clintock Channel polar bear management unit, Nunavut, Canada (n = 117 from an unknown number of bears). These data point to a diet unsurprisingly dominated by ringed seal (Pusa hispida) while including evidence of bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), muskox (Ovibos moschatus ssp.), Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), wolf (Canis lupus), Herring Gull (Larus argentatus), and Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus). We found low levels of contamination (< 3% of sequences when present) and suggest specific process improvements to reduce contamination in range-wide studies. Together, these findings indicate that next-generation sequencing-based diet assessments show great promise in monitoring free-ranging polar bears in this time of climate change. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/607055/1/607055.pdf text cc_by info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic72239 10.14430/arctic72239 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.14430/arctic72239 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic72239 |
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fèces Ursus maritimus régime alimentaire Ursus glace d'eau de mer renard arctique identification changement climatique Nunavut Phoca vitulina Vulpes vulpes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2772 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48919 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2261 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15113 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25108e09 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8914 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3791 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b582c831 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48902 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_390248b8 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4585 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5358 fèces Ursus maritimus régime alimentaire Ursus glace d'eau de mer renard arctique identification changement climatique Nunavut Phoca vitulina Vulpes vulpes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2772 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48919 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2261 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15113 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25108e09 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8914 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3791 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b582c831 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48902 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_390248b8 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4585 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5358 |
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fèces Ursus maritimus régime alimentaire Ursus glace d'eau de mer renard arctique identification changement climatique Nunavut Phoca vitulina Vulpes vulpes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2772 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48919 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2261 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15113 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25108e09 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8914 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3791 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b582c831 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48902 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_390248b8 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4585 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5358 fèces Ursus maritimus régime alimentaire Ursus glace d'eau de mer renard arctique identification changement climatique Nunavut Phoca vitulina Vulpes vulpes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2772 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48919 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2261 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15113 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25108e09 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8914 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3791 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b582c831 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48902 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_390248b8 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4585 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5358 Michaux, Johan Dyck, Markus Boag, Peter Lougheed, Stephen Van Coeverden de Groot, Peter New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies |
description |
Practical tools to quantify range-wide dietary choices of the polar bear have not been well developed, thus impeding the monitoring of this species in a changing climate. Here we describe our steps toward non-invasive polar bear diet determination with the optimization of 454 pyrosequencing of a 136 base pair (bp) mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) fragment amplified from the extracts of captive and wild polar bear faeces. We first determine the efficacy, reliability, and accuracy of our method using five faecal samples from a captive polar bear fed a known diet at the Canadian Polar Bear Habitat in Cochrane, Ontario, Canada; 19 samples from three polar bears at the Metro Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and seven samples from seven wild (unfed) polar bears from a holding facility in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. We report 91% overall success in amplifying a 136 bp cytb amplicon from the faeces of polar bears. Our DNA analyses accurately recovered the vertebrate diet profiles of captive bears fed known diets. We then characterized multiyear vertebrate prey diet choices from free-ranging polar bears from the sea ice of the M'Clintock Channel polar bear management unit, Nunavut, Canada (n = 117 from an unknown number of bears). These data point to a diet unsurprisingly dominated by ringed seal (Pusa hispida) while including evidence of bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), muskox (Ovibos moschatus ssp.), Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), wolf (Canis lupus), Herring Gull (Larus argentatus), and Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus). We found low levels of contamination (< 3% of sequences when present) and suggest specific process improvements to reduce contamination in range-wide studies. Together, these findings indicate that next-generation sequencing-based diet assessments show great promise in monitoring free-ranging polar bears in this time of climate change. |
format |
article |
topic_facet |
fèces Ursus maritimus régime alimentaire Ursus glace d'eau de mer renard arctique identification changement climatique Nunavut Phoca vitulina Vulpes vulpes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2772 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48919 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2261 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15113 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25108e09 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8914 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3791 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b582c831 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_48902 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_390248b8 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4585 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5358 |
author |
Michaux, Johan Dyck, Markus Boag, Peter Lougheed, Stephen Van Coeverden de Groot, Peter |
author_facet |
Michaux, Johan Dyck, Markus Boag, Peter Lougheed, Stephen Van Coeverden de Groot, Peter |
author_sort |
Michaux, Johan |
title |
New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies |
title_short |
New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies |
title_full |
New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies |
title_fullStr |
New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies |
title_full_unstemmed |
New insights on polar bear (Ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies |
title_sort |
new insights on polar bear (ursus maritimus) diet from faeces based on next-generation sequencing technologies |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/607055/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/607055/1/607055.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT michauxjohan newinsightsonpolarbearursusmaritimusdietfromfaecesbasedonnextgenerationsequencingtechnologies AT dyckmarkus newinsightsonpolarbearursusmaritimusdietfromfaecesbasedonnextgenerationsequencingtechnologies AT boagpeter newinsightsonpolarbearursusmaritimusdietfromfaecesbasedonnextgenerationsequencingtechnologies AT lougheedstephen newinsightsonpolarbearursusmaritimusdietfromfaecesbasedonnextgenerationsequencingtechnologies AT vancoeverdendegrootpeter newinsightsonpolarbearursusmaritimusdietfromfaecesbasedonnextgenerationsequencingtechnologies |
_version_ |
1792500660270268416 |