Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal
In Nepal, blanket fertilizer recommendations without considering diverse soil types, nutrient status, climate and crop management practices along with imbalanced fertilization practices by farmers, mainly “urea fertilizer,” have resulted in reduced nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and productivity in tomato production. Optimizing the rate of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, application time and improved application methods could increase crop yields and NUE and reduce environmental costs. This study was conducted to identify the optimum N rate and application method for increased tomato yield and NUE. Multilocation trials (n = 28) conducted in a randomized complete block design with nine treatments across five districts included the omission of N, P and K (N0, P0, K0), variable N rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha−1 (N-100, N-150, N-200 and N-250), use of urea briquettes (UB) with deep placement (UBN-150) and a control (CK). N input in UB was reduced by 25% from the recommended N rate of 200 kg ha−1 considering its expected higher NUE. Yield responses from an NPK omission plot revealed N as the most limiting plant nutrient. Applications of fertilizer at N-100, N-150, N-200 and N-250 increased tomato yield by 27%, 35%, 43% and 27%, respectively, over N0. Tomato yields responded quadratically to the added N fertilizers with optimum rates ranging from 150 to 200 kg ha−1 across districts. UBN-150 significantly increased tomato yield by 12% over N-150 and produced a similar yield to N-200 (the recommended rate). The highest partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) was observed at N-100 and the highest agronomic efficiency of N (AEN) was at N-200. Deep placement of UB at-150 increased PFPN by 8% and 21% and AEN by 27% and 21% compared with N-150 and N-200, respectively. These results have positive implications for developing efficient N fertilization strategies to increase tomato yields and reduce environmental impacts in Nepal.
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2022
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Subjects: | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Urea Deep Placement, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, NITROGEN FERTILIZERS, TOMATOES, PRODUCTION, YIELDS, Sustainable Agrifood Systems, |
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dig-cimmyt-10883-225452023-03-21T19:53:01Z Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal Pandit, N.R. Choudhary, D. Maharjan, S. Dhakal, K. Vista, S.P. Gaihre, Y.K. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Urea Deep Placement Nitrogen Use Efficiency NITROGEN FERTILIZERS TOMATOES PRODUCTION YIELDS Sustainable Agrifood Systems In Nepal, blanket fertilizer recommendations without considering diverse soil types, nutrient status, climate and crop management practices along with imbalanced fertilization practices by farmers, mainly “urea fertilizer,” have resulted in reduced nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and productivity in tomato production. Optimizing the rate of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, application time and improved application methods could increase crop yields and NUE and reduce environmental costs. This study was conducted to identify the optimum N rate and application method for increased tomato yield and NUE. Multilocation trials (n = 28) conducted in a randomized complete block design with nine treatments across five districts included the omission of N, P and K (N0, P0, K0), variable N rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha−1 (N-100, N-150, N-200 and N-250), use of urea briquettes (UB) with deep placement (UBN-150) and a control (CK). N input in UB was reduced by 25% from the recommended N rate of 200 kg ha−1 considering its expected higher NUE. Yield responses from an NPK omission plot revealed N as the most limiting plant nutrient. Applications of fertilizer at N-100, N-150, N-200 and N-250 increased tomato yield by 27%, 35%, 43% and 27%, respectively, over N0. Tomato yields responded quadratically to the added N fertilizers with optimum rates ranging from 150 to 200 kg ha−1 across districts. UBN-150 significantly increased tomato yield by 12% over N-150 and produced a similar yield to N-200 (the recommended rate). The highest partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) was observed at N-100 and the highest agronomic efficiency of N (AEN) was at N-200. Deep placement of UB at-150 increased PFPN by 8% and 21% and AEN by 27% and 21% compared with N-150 and N-200, respectively. These results have positive implications for developing efficient N fertilization strategies to increase tomato yields and reduce environmental impacts in Nepal. 2023-03-16T00:30:13Z 2023-03-16T00:30:13Z 2022 Article Published Version https://hdl.handle.net/10883/22545 10.3390/soilsystems6030072 English https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/soilsystems6030072/s1 CIMMYT manages Intellectual Assets as International Public Goods. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. In case you want to translate or create any other derivative work and share or distribute such translation/derivative work, please contact CIMMYT-Knowledge-Center@cgiar.org indicating the work you want to use and the kind of use you intend; CIMMYT will contact you with the suitable license for that purpose Open Access Nepal Switzerland MDPI 3 6 2571-8789 Soil Systems 72. |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Urea Deep Placement Nitrogen Use Efficiency NITROGEN FERTILIZERS TOMATOES PRODUCTION YIELDS Sustainable Agrifood Systems AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Urea Deep Placement Nitrogen Use Efficiency NITROGEN FERTILIZERS TOMATOES PRODUCTION YIELDS Sustainable Agrifood Systems |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Urea Deep Placement Nitrogen Use Efficiency NITROGEN FERTILIZERS TOMATOES PRODUCTION YIELDS Sustainable Agrifood Systems AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Urea Deep Placement Nitrogen Use Efficiency NITROGEN FERTILIZERS TOMATOES PRODUCTION YIELDS Sustainable Agrifood Systems Pandit, N.R. Choudhary, D. Maharjan, S. Dhakal, K. Vista, S.P. Gaihre, Y.K. Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal |
description |
In Nepal, blanket fertilizer recommendations without considering diverse soil types, nutrient status, climate and crop management practices along with imbalanced fertilization practices by farmers, mainly “urea fertilizer,” have resulted in reduced nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and productivity in tomato production. Optimizing the rate of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, application time and improved application methods could increase crop yields and NUE and reduce environmental costs. This study was conducted to identify the optimum N rate and application method for increased tomato yield and NUE. Multilocation trials (n = 28) conducted in a randomized complete block design with nine treatments across five districts included the omission of N, P and K (N0, P0, K0), variable N rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha−1 (N-100, N-150, N-200 and N-250), use of urea briquettes (UB) with deep placement (UBN-150) and a control (CK). N input in UB was reduced by 25% from the recommended N rate of 200 kg ha−1 considering its expected higher NUE. Yield responses from an NPK omission plot revealed N as the most limiting plant nutrient. Applications of fertilizer at N-100, N-150, N-200 and N-250 increased tomato yield by 27%, 35%, 43% and 27%, respectively, over N0. Tomato yields responded quadratically to the added N fertilizers with optimum rates ranging from 150 to 200 kg ha−1 across districts. UBN-150 significantly increased tomato yield by 12% over N-150 and produced a similar yield to N-200 (the recommended rate). The highest partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) was observed at N-100 and the highest agronomic efficiency of N (AEN) was at N-200. Deep placement of UB at-150 increased PFPN by 8% and 21% and AEN by 27% and 21% compared with N-150 and N-200, respectively. These results have positive implications for developing efficient N fertilization strategies to increase tomato yields and reduce environmental impacts in Nepal. |
format |
Article |
topic_facet |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Urea Deep Placement Nitrogen Use Efficiency NITROGEN FERTILIZERS TOMATOES PRODUCTION YIELDS Sustainable Agrifood Systems |
author |
Pandit, N.R. Choudhary, D. Maharjan, S. Dhakal, K. Vista, S.P. Gaihre, Y.K. |
author_facet |
Pandit, N.R. Choudhary, D. Maharjan, S. Dhakal, K. Vista, S.P. Gaihre, Y.K. |
author_sort |
Pandit, N.R. |
title |
Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal |
title_short |
Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal |
title_full |
Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal |
title_fullStr |
Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in Nepal |
title_sort |
optimum rate and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves nitrogen use efficiency and tomato yield in nepal |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10883/22545 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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