Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method
The results of studying the possibility of producing a motor conditioned reflex in the gray and harp seals on the smell of an object and the ability of experimental seals to differentiate certain odours have been presented. The study has contained three stages. In the first stage the seals were trained to differentiate a container from the camphor solution from a container with distilled water. In the second – to differentiate the container with a solution of dimethyl sulfide from the container with distilled water. At these stages, the possibility of developing a conditioned motor reflex to the olfactory stimulus in the seals studied has been studied. At the third stage, the ability of experimental animals was examined by paired presentation of a container with the solution of dimethyl sulphide from a container with camphor solution. The experiment has been carried out under the MMBI aquacomplex in the Kola Bay. The experimental animals were two female gray seal (Halichoerus grypus, Fabricius, 1791) at the age of 7 years and two females of harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus, Erxleben, 1777) at the age of 2 years. For the experiments, the stimulants were diluted in distilled water to such concentration that the odour intensity was minimal, then the solution was placed in a container. The results of the work have demonstrated the ability of experimental seals to develop a motor conditioned reflex to olfactory stimuli and the ability to distinguish one odour from another. When teaching the differentiation of a container with a smell, the rate of training of gray and harp seal is relatively the same, while learning to differentiate two smells, harp seals are trained an order of magnitude slower than gray seals. This difference in the speed of training is probably due to the specific features of the seals studied and indicates a higher plasticity of the nervous activity of gray seals.
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| Format: | Journal Contribution biblioteca |
| Language: | Russian |
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2018-06-30
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| Subjects: | Gray seal, Harp seal, Sense of smell, Camphor, Dimethyl sulfide, Серый тюлень, Гренландский тюлень, Обоняние, Камфора, Диметилсульфид, Marine Zoology, Морская зоология, |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1834/41508 |
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Gray seal Harp seal Sense of smell Camphor Dimethyl sulfide Серый тюлень Гренландский тюлень Обоняние Камфора Диметилсульфид Marine Zoology Морская зоология Gray seal Harp seal Sense of smell Camphor Dimethyl sulfide Серый тюлень Гренландский тюлень Обоняние Камфора Диметилсульфид Marine Zoology Морская зоология |
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Gray seal Harp seal Sense of smell Camphor Dimethyl sulfide Серый тюлень Гренландский тюлень Обоняние Камфора Диметилсульфид Marine Zoology Морская зоология Gray seal Harp seal Sense of smell Camphor Dimethyl sulfide Серый тюлень Гренландский тюлень Обоняние Камфора Диметилсульфид Marine Zoology Морская зоология Litvinov, Yu. V. Pakhomov, M. V. Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method |
| description |
The results of studying the possibility of producing a motor conditioned reflex in the gray and harp seals on the smell of an object and the ability of experimental seals to differentiate certain odours have been presented. The study has contained three stages. In the first stage the seals were trained to differentiate a container from the camphor solution from a container with distilled water. In the second – to differentiate the container with a solution of dimethyl sulfide from the container with distilled water. At these stages, the possibility of developing a conditioned motor reflex to the olfactory stimulus in the seals studied has been studied. At the third stage, the ability of experimental animals was examined by paired presentation of a container with the solution of dimethyl sulphide from a container with camphor solution. The experiment has been carried out under the MMBI aquacomplex in the Kola Bay. The experimental animals were two female gray seal (Halichoerus grypus, Fabricius, 1791) at the age of 7 years and two females of harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus, Erxleben, 1777) at the age of 2 years. For the experiments, the stimulants were diluted in distilled water to such concentration that the odour intensity was minimal, then the solution was placed in a container. The results of the work have demonstrated the ability of experimental seals to develop a motor conditioned reflex to olfactory stimuli and the ability to distinguish one odour from another. When teaching the differentiation of a container with a smell, the rate of training of gray and harp seal is relatively the same, while learning to differentiate two smells, harp seals are trained an order of magnitude slower than gray seals. This difference in the speed of training is probably due to the specific features of the seals studied and indicates a higher plasticity of the nervous activity of gray seals. |
| format |
Journal Contribution |
| topic_facet |
Gray seal Harp seal Sense of smell Camphor Dimethyl sulfide Серый тюлень Гренландский тюлень Обоняние Камфора Диметилсульфид Marine Zoology Морская зоология |
| author |
Litvinov, Yu. V. Pakhomov, M. V. |
| author_facet |
Litvinov, Yu. V. Pakhomov, M. V. |
| author_sort |
Litvinov, Yu. V. |
| title |
Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method |
| title_short |
Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method |
| title_full |
Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method |
| title_fullStr |
Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method |
| title_sort |
investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method |
| publishDate |
2018-06-30 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/41508 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT litvinovyuv investigationofolfactionofgrayandharpsealsbytheoperanttrainingmethod AT pakhomovmv investigationofolfactionofgrayandharpsealsbytheoperanttrainingmethod AT litvinovyuv issledovanieobonâniâseryhigrenlandskihtûlenejspomoŝʹûmetodaoperantnogoobučeniâ AT pakhomovmv issledovanieobonâniâseryhigrenlandskihtûlenejspomoŝʹûmetodaoperantnogoobučeniâ |
| _version_ |
1756080168951087104 |
| spelling |
dig-aquadocs-1834-415082021-10-19T01:59:18Z Investigation of olfaction of gray and harp seals by the operant training method Исследование обоняния серых и гренландских тюленей с помощью метода оперантного обучения Litvinov, Yu. V. Pakhomov, M. V. Gray seal Harp seal Sense of smell Camphor Dimethyl sulfide Серый тюлень Гренландский тюлень Обоняние Камфора Диметилсульфид Marine Zoology Морская зоология The results of studying the possibility of producing a motor conditioned reflex in the gray and harp seals on the smell of an object and the ability of experimental seals to differentiate certain odours have been presented. The study has contained three stages. In the first stage the seals were trained to differentiate a container from the camphor solution from a container with distilled water. In the second – to differentiate the container with a solution of dimethyl sulfide from the container with distilled water. At these stages, the possibility of developing a conditioned motor reflex to the olfactory stimulus in the seals studied has been studied. At the third stage, the ability of experimental animals was examined by paired presentation of a container with the solution of dimethyl sulphide from a container with camphor solution. The experiment has been carried out under the MMBI aquacomplex in the Kola Bay. The experimental animals were two female gray seal (Halichoerus grypus, Fabricius, 1791) at the age of 7 years and two females of harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus, Erxleben, 1777) at the age of 2 years. For the experiments, the stimulants were diluted in distilled water to such concentration that the odour intensity was minimal, then the solution was placed in a container. The results of the work have demonstrated the ability of experimental seals to develop a motor conditioned reflex to olfactory stimuli and the ability to distinguish one odour from another. When teaching the differentiation of a container with a smell, the rate of training of gray and harp seal is relatively the same, while learning to differentiate two smells, harp seals are trained an order of magnitude slower than gray seals. This difference in the speed of training is probably due to the specific features of the seals studied and indicates a higher plasticity of the nervous activity of gray seals. Представлены результаты исследования обоняния серых и гренландских тюленей в процессе выработки двигательного условного рефлекса на запах объекта; установлена способность подопытных тюленей дифференцировать различные запахи. Исследование включало три этапа, в ходе которых тюленей обучали дифференцировать: 1) контейнер с раствором камфоры от контейнера с дистиллированной водой; 2) контейнер с раствором диметилсульфида (ДМС) от контейнера с дистиллированной водой (на этих этапах определяли возможность выработки у исследуемых тюленей двигательного условного рефлекса на обонятельный раздражитель); 3) при парном предъявлении контейнер с раствором диметилсульфида от контейнера с раствором камфоры (выявляли способность тюленей различать запахи). Эксперимент проводили в условиях аквакомплекса ММБИ (в Кольском заливе); в качестве подопытных животных были выбраны две самки серого тюленя (Halichoerus grypus, Fabricius, 1791) в возрасте семи лет и две самки гренландского тюленя (Pagophilus groenlandicus, Erxleben, 1777) в возрасте двух лет. Для проведения экспериментов стимульные вещества разводили в дистиллированной воде до такой концентрации, чтобы интенсивность запаха была минимальна, затем раствор помещали в контейнер. Результаты работы продемонстрировали способности подопытных тюленей вырабатывать двигательный условный рефлекс на обонятельные раздражители и отличать один запах от другого. Скорость обучения серых и гренландских тюленей в процессе дифференцировки контейнера с запахом от пустого контейнера была сравнительно одинакова, а при дифференцировке двух запахов гренландские тюлени обучались на порядок медленнее серых тюленей. Данное отличие в скорости обучения, вероятно, связано с видовыми особенностями исследуемых тюленей и свидетельствует о более высокой пластичности нервной системы серых тюленей. Published Refereed 2021-10-18T10:02:04Z 2021-10-18T10:02:04Z 2018-06-30 Journal Contribution http://hdl.handle.net/1834/41508 ru http://vestnik.mstu.edu.ru/show-eng.shtml?art=1957 http://vestnik.mstu.edu.ru/show.shtml?art=1957 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ pp.336-343 Russia Kola Bay Россия Кольский залив |