Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows.
This study aimed to estimate energy requirements of pregnant Holstein × Gyr cows. Different planes of nutrition were established by two feeding regimens: ad libitum or maintenance. Sixty-two nonlactating cows with average body weight of 480 ± 10.1 kg and an age of 5 ± 0.5 years were used. Cows were divided into three groups: pregnant (n = 44), non-pregnant (n=12), and baseline reference (n = 6). The 56 pregnant and non-pregnant cows were randomly allocated into a feeding regimen: ad libitum or maintenance. To evaluate the effects of days of pregnancy, pregnant and non-pregnant animals were slaughtered at 140, 200, 240, and 270 days of pregnancy. Energy requirements for maintenance differed between pregnant and non-pregnant cows, thus two equations were developed. Net energy and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance of non-pregnant cows were 82 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day and 132 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day, respectively. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for maintenance of non-pregnant cows was 62.4%. Net energy and metabolizable energy for maintenance of pregnant cows were 86 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day and 137 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day, respectively. Efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for maintenance of pregnant cows was 62.5%. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for gain was 41.9%. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for pregnancy was 14.1%. Furthermore, net energy requirement for pregnancy was different from zero from day 70 of pregnancy onwards. In conclusion, net energy and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance of non-pregnant cows are different from pregnant cows. Furthermore, we believe that the proposed non-linear equations to estimate net energy requirements for pregnancy are more adequate than current NRC equation, and should be recommended for Holstein × Gyr cows.
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Artigo de periódico biblioteca |
Language: | Ingles English |
Published: |
2021-08-12
|
Subjects: | Gado Leiteiro, |
Online Access: | http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1133488 https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0235619 |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
id |
dig-alice-doc-1133488 |
---|---|
record_format |
koha |
spelling |
dig-alice-doc-11334882021-08-12T13:01:10Z Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. DIJKSTRA, J. ROTTA, P. P. SILVA, B. C. MACHADO, F. S. CAMPOS, M. M. SGUIZZATO, A. L. L. MARCONDES, M. I. VALADARES FILHO, S. de C. JAN DIJKSTRAI, Wageningen University SEBASTIÃO DE CAMPOS VALADARES FILHO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa MARIANA MAGALHAES CAMPOS, CNPGL FERNANDA SAMARINI MACHADO, CNPGL BRENO CASTRO SILVA, Universidade Federal de Viçosa POLYANA PIZZI ROTTA, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. MARCOS INÁCIO MARCONDES, Universidade Federal de Viçosa ANNA LUIZA LACERDA SGUIZZATO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa Gado Leiteiro This study aimed to estimate energy requirements of pregnant Holstein × Gyr cows. Different planes of nutrition were established by two feeding regimens: ad libitum or maintenance. Sixty-two nonlactating cows with average body weight of 480 ± 10.1 kg and an age of 5 ± 0.5 years were used. Cows were divided into three groups: pregnant (n = 44), non-pregnant (n=12), and baseline reference (n = 6). The 56 pregnant and non-pregnant cows were randomly allocated into a feeding regimen: ad libitum or maintenance. To evaluate the effects of days of pregnancy, pregnant and non-pregnant animals were slaughtered at 140, 200, 240, and 270 days of pregnancy. Energy requirements for maintenance differed between pregnant and non-pregnant cows, thus two equations were developed. Net energy and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance of non-pregnant cows were 82 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day and 132 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day, respectively. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for maintenance of non-pregnant cows was 62.4%. Net energy and metabolizable energy for maintenance of pregnant cows were 86 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day and 137 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day, respectively. Efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for maintenance of pregnant cows was 62.5%. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for gain was 41.9%. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for pregnancy was 14.1%. Furthermore, net energy requirement for pregnancy was different from zero from day 70 of pregnancy onwards. In conclusion, net energy and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance of non-pregnant cows are different from pregnant cows. Furthermore, we believe that the proposed non-linear equations to estimate net energy requirements for pregnancy are more adequate than current NRC equation, and should be recommended for Holstein × Gyr cows. 2021-08-12T13:01:00Z 2021-08-12T13:01:00Z 2021-08-12 2020 Artigo de periódico PLoS One, v. 15, n. 7, e0235619, 2020. http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1133488 https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0235619 Ingles en openAccess |
institution |
EMBRAPA |
collection |
DSpace |
country |
Brasil |
countrycode |
BR |
component |
Bibliográfico |
access |
En linea |
databasecode |
dig-alice |
tag |
biblioteca |
region |
America del Sur |
libraryname |
Sistema de bibliotecas de EMBRAPA |
language |
Ingles English |
topic |
Gado Leiteiro Gado Leiteiro |
spellingShingle |
Gado Leiteiro Gado Leiteiro DIJKSTRA, J. ROTTA, P. P. SILVA, B. C. MACHADO, F. S. CAMPOS, M. M. SGUIZZATO, A. L. L. MARCONDES, M. I. VALADARES FILHO, S. de C. Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
description |
This study aimed to estimate energy requirements of pregnant Holstein × Gyr cows. Different planes of nutrition were established by two feeding regimens: ad libitum or maintenance. Sixty-two nonlactating cows with average body weight of 480 ± 10.1 kg and an age of 5 ± 0.5 years were used. Cows were divided into three groups: pregnant (n = 44), non-pregnant (n=12), and baseline reference (n = 6). The 56 pregnant and non-pregnant cows were randomly allocated into a feeding regimen: ad libitum or maintenance. To evaluate the effects of days of pregnancy, pregnant and non-pregnant animals were slaughtered at 140, 200, 240, and 270 days of pregnancy. Energy requirements for maintenance differed between pregnant and non-pregnant cows, thus two equations were developed. Net energy and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance of non-pregnant cows were 82 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day and 132 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day, respectively. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for maintenance of non-pregnant cows was 62.4%. Net energy and metabolizable energy for maintenance of pregnant cows were 86 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day and 137 kcal/kg empty body weight0.75/day, respectively. Efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for maintenance of pregnant cows was 62.5%. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for gain was 41.9%. The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for pregnancy was 14.1%. Furthermore, net energy requirement for pregnancy was different from zero from day 70 of pregnancy onwards. In conclusion, net energy and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance of non-pregnant cows are different from pregnant cows. Furthermore, we believe that the proposed non-linear equations to estimate net energy requirements for pregnancy are more adequate than current NRC equation, and should be recommended for Holstein × Gyr cows. |
author2 |
JAN DIJKSTRAI, Wageningen University |
author_facet |
JAN DIJKSTRAI, Wageningen University DIJKSTRA, J. ROTTA, P. P. SILVA, B. C. MACHADO, F. S. CAMPOS, M. M. SGUIZZATO, A. L. L. MARCONDES, M. I. VALADARES FILHO, S. de C. |
format |
Artigo de periódico |
topic_facet |
Gado Leiteiro |
author |
DIJKSTRA, J. ROTTA, P. P. SILVA, B. C. MACHADO, F. S. CAMPOS, M. M. SGUIZZATO, A. L. L. MARCONDES, M. I. VALADARES FILHO, S. de C. |
author_sort |
DIJKSTRA, J. |
title |
Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
title_short |
Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
title_full |
Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
title_fullStr |
Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
title_sort |
energy requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
publishDate |
2021-08-12 |
url |
http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1133488 https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0235619 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT dijkstraj energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows AT rottapp energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows AT silvabc energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows AT machadofs energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows AT camposmm energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows AT sguizzatoall energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows AT marcondesmi energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows AT valadaresfilhosdec energyrequirementsforpregnantdairycows |
_version_ |
1756027645893541888 |