Regulatory framework of genome editing in Brazil and worldwide.

The regulation of the use of products obtained through genome-editing techniques has been the subject of great debate worldwide. Currently, the discussions are mainly focused on whether products obtained by different strategies of site-directed nucleases (SDN) should or not be classified as Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). In the SDN-1 application, the natural DNA cell repair pathway (Non-Homologous End-Joining - NHEJ) is explored to introduce simple random mutations (substitutions, insertions, and deletions) by systems such as CRISPR-Cas, TALENs, or Zinc Fingers Nucleases, which cause silencing of the gene product after breaking DNA (by Double-Strand Break - DSB). In the SDN-2 approach, a template DNA is also used to introduce a change in the sequence of nitrogen bases (A, C, G, T) at the target site where the DSB occurred, exploring another natural repair system directed by a DNA fragment from the same species (Homology-Directed Repair - HDR). In the SDN-3 approach, both NHEJ and HDR can be explored to insert one or more DNA fragments with sequences necessary for the expression of a gene (promoter, coding, and terminator region) at a specific location in the genome. In the following topics, questions related to genome editing regulation in different countries are discussed in detail.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	VIEIRA, L. R., FREITAS, N. C., JUSTEN, F., MIRANDA, V. de J., GARCIA, B. de O., NEPOMUCENO, A. L., FUGANTI-PAGLIARINI, R., FELIPE, M. S. S., MOLINARI, H. B. C., VELINI, E. D., PINTO, E. R. de C., DAGLI, M. L. Z., ANDRADE, G., FERNANDES, P. M. B., MERTZ-HENNING, L. M., KOBAYASHI, A. K.
Other Authors:	LETÍCIA RIOS VIEIRA; NATÁLIA CHAGAS FREITAS; FERNANDA JUSTEN; VÍVIAN DE JESUS MIRANDA; BRUNO DE OLIVEIRA GARCIA, Universidade Federal de Lavras; ALEXANDRE LIMA NEPOMUCENO, CNPSO; RENATA FUGANTI-PAGLIARINI; MARIA SUELI SOARES FELIPE, Universidade Católica de Brasília; HUGO BRUNO CORREA MOLINARI, CNPAE; EDIVALDO DOMINGUES VELINI, Universidade Estadual Paulista; EDUARDO ROMANO DE CAMPOS PINTO, Cenargen; MARIA LUCIA ZAIDAN DAGLI, Universidade de São Paulo; GALDINO ANDRADE, Universidade Estatual de Londrina; PATRICIA MACHADO BUENO FERNANDES, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; LILIANE MARCIA MERTZ HENNING, CNPSO; ADILSON KENJI KOBAYASHI, CNPAE.
Format:	Parte de livro biblioteca
Language:	Ingles English
Published:	2021-06-02
Subjects:	Biotecnologia, DNA, Engenharia Genética, Genética Vegetal, Legislação, Biotechnology, Genetic engineering, Genetically modified organisms, Plant genetics,
Online Access:	http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1132164
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