Upland rice: phenotypic diversity for drought tolerance.

Upland rice is cultivated mostly in Latin America and Africa by small farmers and in areas with risk of dry spells. This study evaluated morphophysiological mechanisms of upland rice associated to drought adaptation. A set of 25 upland rice genotypes were grown in a plant phenotyping platform during 2015 and 2017 under regular irrigation and water restriction. We evaluated morphophysiological traits in shoots (vegetative structures growth, gas exchange, water use efficiency, carboxylation efficiency, water status) and roots (length, surface area, volume and diameter), as well as agronomic traits (grain yield and its components). There was a reduction in grain yield by up to 54 % and 58 % in 2015 and 2017, respectively, under water deficit. Five upland rice genotypes with the best yield performances in both water treatments applied were recommended to the upland rice-breeding program: Bico Ganga, BRS Esmeralda, BRSMG Curinga, Guarani, and Rabo de Burro. In this study, morphophysiological traits associated to drought tolerance concerned the plant high capacity to save water in the leaves, low leaf water potential, high ability to reduce vegetative structures, high water use efficiency, high photosynthetic capacity, and improved capacity to absorb water from drying soil, either by osmotic adjustment or additional investment into the root system. Therefore, we concluded that different secondary traits contributed to drought tolerance and should be evaluated along with grain yield to improve efficiency of breeding selection.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	LANNA, A. C., COELHO, G. R. C., MOREIRA, A. S., TERRA, T. G. R., BRONDANI, C., SARAIVA, G. R., LEMOS, F. da S., GUIMARÃES, P. H. R., MORAIS JÚNIOR, O. P., VIANELLO, R. P.
Other Authors:	ANNA CRISTINA LANNA, CNPAF; GESIMARIA RIBEIRO COSTA COELHO, CNPAF; ALECIO SOUZA MOREIRA, CNPMF; THIAGO GLEDSON RIOS TERRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS; CLAUDIO BRONDANI, CNPAF; GABRIEL RIOS SARAIBA, UNI-ANHANGUERA; FREDERICO DA SILVA LEMOS, UNI-ANHANGUERA; PEDRO HENRIQUE RAMOS GUIMARAES, UFG; ODILON PEIXOTO MORAIS JUNIOR, UFG; ROSANA PEREIRA VIANELLO, CNPAF.
Format:	Artigo de periódico biblioteca
Language:	Ingles English
Published:	2020-11-09
Subjects:	Water status, Arroz, Oryza Sativa, Resistência a Seca, Seleção Fenótipa, Rice, Grain yield, Gas exchange, Root systems, Vegetative growth,
Online Access:	http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1126397 http://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992X-2019-0338
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