Drought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Climate change induced droughts pose a serious threat to ecosystems across the tropics and sub-tropics, particularly to those areas not adapted to natural dry periods. In order to study the vulnerability of cacao (Theobroma cacao) – Gliricidia sepium agroforestry plantations to droughts a large scale throughfall displacement roof was built in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In this 19-month experiment, we compared soil surface CO2 efflux (soil respiration) from three roof plots with three adjacent control plots. Soil respiration rates peaked at intermediate soil moisture conditions and decreased under increasingly dry conditions (drought induced), or increasingly wet conditions (as evidenced in control plots). The roof plots exhibited a slight decrease in soil respiration compared to the control plots (average 13% decrease). The strength of the drought effect was spatially variable – while some measurement chamber sites reacted strongly (responsive) to the decrease in soil water content (up to R2=0.70) (n=11), others did not react at all (non-responsive) (n=7). A significant correlation was measured between responsive soil respiration chamber sites and sap flux density ratios of cacao (R=0.61) and Gliricidia (R=0.65). Leaf litter CO2 respiration decreased as conditions became drier. The litter layer contributed approximately 3–4% of the total CO2 efflux during dry periods and up to 40% during wet periods. Within days of roof opening soil CO2 efflux rose to control plot levels. Thereafter, CO2 efflux remained comparable between roof and control plots. The cumulative effect on soil CO2 emissions over the duration of the experiment was not significantly different: the control plots respired 11.1±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, while roof plots respired 10.5±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. The relatively mild decrease measured in soil CO2 efflux indicates that this agroforestry ecosystem is capable of mitigating droughts with only minor stress symptoms.
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European Geosciences Union,
2009
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Subjects: | THEOBROMA CACAO, GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM, PLANTACION, AGROFORESTERIA, SEQUIA, SUELO, DIOXIDO DE CARBONO, GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO, INDONESIA, |
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THEOBROMA CACAO GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM PLANTACION AGROFORESTERIA SEQUIA SUELO DIOXIDO DE CARBONO GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO INDONESIA THEOBROMA CACAO GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM PLANTACION AGROFORESTERIA SEQUIA SUELO DIOXIDO DE CARBONO GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO INDONESIA |
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THEOBROMA CACAO GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM PLANTACION AGROFORESTERIA SEQUIA SUELO DIOXIDO DE CARBONO GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO INDONESIA THEOBROMA CACAO GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM PLANTACION AGROFORESTERIA SEQUIA SUELO DIOXIDO DE CARBONO GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO INDONESIA 121968 Straaten, O. van 128090 Veldkamp, E. 84353 Köhler, M. 42646 Anas, I. Drought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia |
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Climate change induced droughts pose a serious threat to ecosystems across the tropics and sub-tropics, particularly to those areas not adapted to natural dry periods. In order to study the vulnerability of cacao (Theobroma cacao) – Gliricidia sepium agroforestry plantations to droughts a large scale throughfall displacement roof was built in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In this 19-month experiment, we compared soil surface CO2 efflux (soil respiration) from three roof plots with three adjacent control plots. Soil respiration rates peaked at intermediate soil moisture conditions and decreased under increasingly dry conditions (drought induced), or increasingly wet conditions (as evidenced in control plots). The roof plots exhibited a slight decrease in soil respiration compared to the control plots (average 13% decrease). The strength of the drought effect was spatially variable – while some measurement chamber sites reacted strongly (responsive) to the decrease in soil water content (up to R2=0.70) (n=11), others did not react at all (non-responsive) (n=7). A significant correlation was measured between responsive soil respiration chamber sites and sap flux density ratios of cacao (R=0.61) and Gliricidia (R=0.65). Leaf litter CO2 respiration decreased as conditions became drier. The litter layer contributed approximately 3–4% of the total CO2 efflux during dry periods and up to 40% during wet periods. Within days of roof opening soil CO2 efflux rose to control plot levels. Thereafter, CO2 efflux remained comparable between roof and control plots. The cumulative effect on soil CO2 emissions over the duration of the experiment was not significantly different: the control plots respired 11.1±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, while roof plots respired 10.5±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. The relatively mild decrease measured in soil CO2 efflux indicates that this agroforestry ecosystem is capable of mitigating droughts with only minor stress symptoms. |
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THEOBROMA CACAO GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM PLANTACION AGROFORESTERIA SEQUIA SUELO DIOXIDO DE CARBONO GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO INDONESIA |
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121968 Straaten, O. van 128090 Veldkamp, E. 84353 Köhler, M. 42646 Anas, I. |
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121968 Straaten, O. van 128090 Veldkamp, E. 84353 Köhler, M. 42646 Anas, I. |
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121968 Straaten, O. van |
title |
Drought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_short |
Drought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_full |
Drought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia |
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Drought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Drought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_sort |
drought effects on soil co2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in sulawesi, indonesia |
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European Geosciences Union, |
publishDate |
2009 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT 121968straatenovan droughteffectsonsoilco2effluxinacacaoagroforestrysysteminsulawesiindonesia AT 128090veldkampe droughteffectsonsoilco2effluxinacacaoagroforestrysysteminsulawesiindonesia AT 84353kohlerm droughteffectsonsoilco2effluxinacacaoagroforestrysysteminsulawesiindonesia AT 42646anasi droughteffectsonsoilco2effluxinacacaoagroforestrysysteminsulawesiindonesia |
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1756065049640697856 |
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KOHA-OAI-BVE:1275722021-06-08T19:43:37ZDrought effects on soil CO2 efflux in a cacao agroforestry system in Sulawesi, Indonesia 121968 Straaten, O. van 128090 Veldkamp, E. 84353 Köhler, M. 42646 Anas, I. European Geosciences Union,2009| 0Climate change induced droughts pose a serious threat to ecosystems across the tropics and sub-tropics, particularly to those areas not adapted to natural dry periods. In order to study the vulnerability of cacao (Theobroma cacao) – Gliricidia sepium agroforestry plantations to droughts a large scale throughfall displacement roof was built in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In this 19-month experiment, we compared soil surface CO2 efflux (soil respiration) from three roof plots with three adjacent control plots. Soil respiration rates peaked at intermediate soil moisture conditions and decreased under increasingly dry conditions (drought induced), or increasingly wet conditions (as evidenced in control plots). The roof plots exhibited a slight decrease in soil respiration compared to the control plots (average 13% decrease). The strength of the drought effect was spatially variable – while some measurement chamber sites reacted strongly (responsive) to the decrease in soil water content (up to R2=0.70) (n=11), others did not react at all (non-responsive) (n=7). A significant correlation was measured between responsive soil respiration chamber sites and sap flux density ratios of cacao (R=0.61) and Gliricidia (R=0.65). Leaf litter CO2 respiration decreased as conditions became drier. The litter layer contributed approximately 3–4% of the total CO2 efflux during dry periods and up to 40% during wet periods. Within days of roof opening soil CO2 efflux rose to control plot levels. Thereafter, CO2 efflux remained comparable between roof and control plots. The cumulative effect on soil CO2 emissions over the duration of the experiment was not significantly different: the control plots respired 11.1±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, while roof plots respired 10.5±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. The relatively mild decrease measured in soil CO2 efflux indicates that this agroforestry ecosystem is capable of mitigating droughts with only minor stress symptoms.Incluye 38 referencias bibliográficas en las páginas 11564-11567Climate change induced droughts pose a serious threat to ecosystems across the tropics and sub-tropics, particularly to those areas not adapted to natural dry periods. In order to study the vulnerability of cacao (Theobroma cacao) – Gliricidia sepium agroforestry plantations to droughts a large scale throughfall displacement roof was built in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In this 19-month experiment, we compared soil surface CO2 efflux (soil respiration) from three roof plots with three adjacent control plots. Soil respiration rates peaked at intermediate soil moisture conditions and decreased under increasingly dry conditions (drought induced), or increasingly wet conditions (as evidenced in control plots). The roof plots exhibited a slight decrease in soil respiration compared to the control plots (average 13% decrease). The strength of the drought effect was spatially variable – while some measurement chamber sites reacted strongly (responsive) to the decrease in soil water content (up to R2=0.70) (n=11), others did not react at all (non-responsive) (n=7). A significant correlation was measured between responsive soil respiration chamber sites and sap flux density ratios of cacao (R=0.61) and Gliricidia (R=0.65). Leaf litter CO2 respiration decreased as conditions became drier. The litter layer contributed approximately 3–4% of the total CO2 efflux during dry periods and up to 40% during wet periods. Within days of roof opening soil CO2 efflux rose to control plot levels. Thereafter, CO2 efflux remained comparable between roof and control plots. The cumulative effect on soil CO2 emissions over the duration of the experiment was not significantly different: the control plots respired 11.1±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, while roof plots respired 10.5±0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. The relatively mild decrease measured in soil CO2 efflux indicates that this agroforestry ecosystem is capable of mitigating droughts with only minor stress symptoms.THEOBROMA CACAOGLIRICIDIA SEPIUMPLANTACIONAGROFORESTERIASEQUIASUELODIOXIDO DE CARBONOGASES DE EFECTO INVERNADEROINDONESIABiogeosciences Discuss (Alemania) |