Mexico
Mexico, or ''Méjico'', pronunciation: ; Classical Nahuatl: ''Mēxihco''; }}; however, in Peninsular (European) Spanish, the variant is used alongside the usual version. According to the by the Royal Spanish Academy and Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, the version with J is also correct; however, the spelling with X is recommended, as it is the one used in Mexico.}} officially the United Mexican States, (); Classical Nahuatl: ''Mēxihcatl Tlacetilīlli Tlahtohcāyōtl''}} is a country in the southern portion of North America. Covering 1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi), it is the world's 13th largest country by area; with a population of almost 130 million, it is the 10th most populous country and has the most Spanish speakers in the world. Mexico is organized as a federal constitutional republic comprising 31 states and Mexico City, its capital and largest city, which is among the world's most populous metropolitan areas. The country shares land borders with the United States to the north, with Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; as well as maritime borders with the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the southeast, and the Gulf of Mexico to the east.Human presence in Pre-Columbian Mexico dates back to 8,000 BC, making it one of the world's six cradles of civilization. The Mesoamerican region hosted various intertwined civilizations, including the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Teotihuacan, and Purepecha. The Aztecs came to dominate the area prior to European contact. In 1521, the Spanish Empire, alongside indigenous allies, conquered the Aztec Empire, establishing the colony of New Spain centered in the former capital, Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City). Over the next three centuries, Spain expanded its territorial control, enforced Christianity, and spread the Spanish language, with the colony's rich silver deposits fueling its empire. The colonial era ended in the early 19th century with the Mexican War of Independence.
Following independence, Mexico faced political and socioeconomic upheaval. The United States' invasion during the Mexican–American War resulted in significant territorial losses in 1848. Liberal reforms introduced in the Constitution of 1857 prompted domestic conflict, French intervention, and the establishment of an Empire, countered by the Republican resistance led by Benito Juárez. The late 19th century saw the rise of Porfirio Díaz's dictatorship, sparking the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which led to profound changes, including the 1917 Constitution. A succession of presidents, often former generals, persisted until the emergence of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in 1929. Over the next 70 years of PRI rule, Mexico experienced significant economic growth, but also faced issues of repression and electoral fraud. The late twentieth century saw a shift towards neoliberal policies, exemplified by the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, amidst social unrest and indigenous rebellion in Chiapas. In 2000, the PRI lost the presidency for the first time to the conservative National Action Party (PAN).
Mexico is newly industrialized and developing country, with the world's 15th-largest economy by nominal GDP and 11th-largest by PPP; the United States is its largest economic partner. Mexico ranks first in the Americas and seventh in the world by the number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It is also one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries, ranking fifth in natural biodiversity. Mexico's rich cultural and biological heritage, as well as varied climate and geography, makes it a major tourist destination: as of 2022, it is the sixth most-visited country in the world, with 42.2 million international arrivals. Mexico's large economy and population, global cultural influence (particularly in cuisine, media, and art), and steady democratization make it a regional and middle power, and it is increasingly identified as an emerging power by several analysts.
Although Mexico has made significant political and socioeconomic gains in recent decades, ranking 77th in the Human Development Index, it continues to struggle with social inequality, poverty, systemic corruption, and extensive crime. Since 2006, an ongoing conflict between drug trafficking syndicates has led to over 120,000 deaths. Mexico is a member of United Nations, the G20, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, the Organization of American States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, and the Organization of Ibero-American States. Provided by Wikipedia
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29801by Valadez-Carmona, Lourdes, Ortiz-Moreno, Alicia, Ceballos-reyes, Guillermo, Mendiola, J. A., Ibáñez, ElenaOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2018
artículo bibliotecaCIAL ES -
29802by Martínez-Sánchez, C. E., Gallegos-Marín, I., Lucas-Merino, J., Villalva, Marisol, Reglero, Guillermo, Jaime, Laura, Santoyo, SusanaOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2018
comunicación de congreso bibliotecaCIAL ES -
29803by Urquiza-López, Araceli, Álvarez-Rivera, Gerardo, Cifuentes, Alejandro, García-Pérez, A. A., Pérez-Mendoza, M. B., Del Villar-Martínez, Alma, Vanegas-Espinoza, PabloOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2018
póster de congreso bibliotecaCIAL ES -
29804by Moreno-Jiménez, Martha Rocío, López‐Barraza, Rosalía, Cervantes-Cardoza, Verónica, Pérez-Ramírez, Iza F., Reyna-Rojas, Jessica Alejandra, Gallegos-Infante, José A., Estrella, Isabel, Rojas‐Contreras, Juan Antonio, González-Laredo, Rubén Francisco, Rocha-Guzmán, Nuria ElizabethOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2019
artículo bibliotecaICTAN ES -
29805by Sáyago-Ayerdi, Sonia G., Blancas-Benitez, Francisco J., Pérez-Jiménez, Jara, González-Aguilar, Gustavo A.Other Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2019
póster de congreso bibliotecaICTAN ES -
29806by Pirrello, Julien, Jaimes-Miranda, Fabiola, Sánchez Ballesta, M. Teresa, Tournier, Barthélémy, Khalil-Ahmad, Qaiser, Regad, Farid, Latché, Alain, Pech, Jean-Claude, Bouzayen, MondherOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2006
artículo bibliotecaICTAN ES -
29807by Blancas-Benitez, Francisco J., Pérez-Jiménez, Jara, Sañudo-Barajas, J. Adriana, Rocha-Guzmán, Nuria Elizabeth, González-Aguilar, Gustavo A., Tovar, Juscelino, Sáyago-Ayerdi, Sonia G.Other Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2022
artículo bibliotecaICTAN ES -
29808by Ruiz Hernández, Alan Amado, Rouzaud Sández, Ofelia, Frías, Juana, Ayala Zavala, Fernando, Astiazarán-García, Humberto, Robles Sánchez, Rosario MaribelOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2022
artículo bibliotecaICTAN ES -
29809by Oseguera-López, Iván, Pérez-Cerezales, Serafín, Ortiz-Sánchez, Paola Berenice, Mondragon-Payne, Oscar, Sánchez-Sánchez, Raúl, Jiménez, Irma, Fierro, R., González-Márquez, HumbertoOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2020-10-21
artículo bibliotecaINIA ES -
29810by Ruiz Hernández, Alan Amado, Rouzaud Sández, Ofelia, Frías, Juana, Ayala Zavala, Fernando, Astiazarán-García, Humberto, Salazar-López, Norma J., López-Saiz, Carmen M., Reé-Rodríguez, Sandra C. de la, Robles Sánchez, Rosario MaribelOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2023
artículo bibliotecaICTAN ES -
29811by Arce-Reynoso, Alejandro, Mateos, Raquel, Mendivil, Edgar J., Zamora-Gasga, Víctor M., Sáyago-Ayerdi, Sonia G.Other Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2023
artículo bibliotecaICTAN ES -
29812by Solleiro Rebolledo, José Luis, Hernández Chávez, Sandra Berenice, Castañón Ibarra, Rosario, Enríquez Martínez, Corazón Celeste, Galicia Galicia, Eduardo Ulises, Torres Ávila, Angélica, Sánchez Goicochea, Myrsia ElianiOther Authors: “...Secretaria de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural México...”
Published 2023
Reporte técnico bibliotecaIICA -
29813by Núñez-Piedra, Manuel Lorenzo, Martínez-Zurimendi, Pablo, Domínguez-Domínguez, Marivel, Cach-Pérez, Manuel Jesús, Sierra-De-Grado, RosarioOther Authors: “...Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)...”
Published 2024-01-01
artículo bibliotecaINIA ES -
29814by RENDÓN-ANAYA, M., MONTERO-VARGAS, J. M., SABURIDO-ALVAREZ, S., VLASOVA, A., CAPELLA-GUTIERREZ, S., ORDAZ-ORTIZ, J. J., AGUILAR, O. M., VIANELLO, R. P., SANTALLA, M., DELAYE, L., GABALDÓN, T., GEPTS, P., WINKLER, R., GUIGÓ, R., DELGADO-SALINAS, A., HERRERA-ESTRELLA, A.Other Authors: “...MARTHA RENDÓN-ANAYA, CINVESTAV, México; JOSAPHAT M. MONTERO-VARGAS, CINVESTAV, México; SOLEDAD...”
Published 2017-10-31
Artigo de periódico bibliotecaEMBRAPA -
29815Published 1993-06-28Other Authors: “...México. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática...”
Texto bibliotecaCEPAL -
29816by Bistráin, PabloOther Authors: “...Colegio de Ingenieros Mecánicos y Electricistas de México...”
Published 1961-07-31
Texto bibliotecaCEPAL -
29817Published 2004-11-22Other Authors: “...México. Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales...”
Texto bibliotecaCEPAL -
29818Published 1997-03-18Other Authors: “...México. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática...”
Texto bibliotecaCEPAL -
29819Published 2001-03-15Other Authors: “...México. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática...”
Texto bibliotecaCEPAL -
29820Published 2007-09-11Other Authors: “...México. Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales...”
Texto bibliotecaCEPAL